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arXiv 2103.05692stat.ME
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量化因果推断的充分随机性

Quantifying Sufficient Randomness for Causal Inference

Brian Knaeble, Braxton Osting, Placede Tshiaba

摘要:

虚假关联来自于治疗倾向和个体结局风险之间的协方差。对于具有随机反事实的敏感性分析,我们引入了一种方法来表征自然实验和准实验中因果推断的不确定性。我们的敏感性参数是倾向和个体风险变化的标准化度量,1减去其几何平均值是数据生成过程中随机性的直观度量。在我们的潜在倾向风险模型中,我们展示了如何从列联表数据计算一个阈值,$T$,足够的随机性因果推断。如果数据生成过程的实际随机性超过该阈值,则保证因果推断。

英文摘要:

Spurious association arises from covariance between propensity for the treatment and individual risk for the outcome. For sensitivity analysis with stochastic counterfactuals we introduce a methodology to characterize uncertainty in causal inference from natural experiments and quasi-experiments. Our sensitivity parameters are standardized measures of variation in propensity and individual risk, and one minus their geometric mean is an intuitive measure of randomness in the data generating process. Within our latent propensity-risk model, we show how to compute from contingency table data a threshold, $T$, of sufficient randomness for causal inference. If the actual randomness of the data generating process exceeds this threshold then causal inference is warranted.

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