同轴微量热计的校准
On Coaxial Microcalorimeter Calibration
摘要：
微波领域的一级功率标准是使用量热技术实现的，通常与所使用的测量系统相一致，即，微量热计经过适当的系统校准后，其相对精度至少在微波域（1 GHz-18 GHz）为10^-3量级。在此，我们描述了在Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica（意大利）实现基于间接加热热电偶的同轴功率标准的校准过程。特别注意的是专门描述用于确定微量热计的损失和它们对被测量精度的影响的接近理想的热负荷。
英文摘要：
Primary power standards in the microwave domain are realized using a calorimetric technique, usually identified with the used measurement system, i.e., the microcalorimeter. It is adjusted for measurement of power ratios with a relative accuracy that, after an appropriate system calibration, is of order of 10^-3, at least in the microwave domain (1 GHz-18 GHz). Hereby we describe the calibration process implemented at the Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (Italy) for realizing a coaxial power standard based on indirect heating thermocouples. Particular regard is devoted to describe the nearly ideal thermal load used for determining the microcalorimeter losses and their influence on the measurand accuracy.
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