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arXiv 2103.04304cs.GT
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具有任意权利的代理人的公平份额分配

Fair-Share Allocations for Agents with Arbitrary Entitlements

Moshe Babaioff, Tomer Ezra, Uriel Feige

摘要:

我们考虑的问题,公平分配不可分割的货物$n$代理,没有转让。当代理人有平等的权利,最大份额(MMS)的既定概念作为一个有吸引力的公平标准,在那里有资格作为公平的,分配需要给每个代理人至少一个相当大的一部分,她的MMS。在本文中,我们考虑的情况下,任意(不平等)的权利。我们解释了在以前的尝试,MMS扩展到不平等的权利的缺点。我们的概念性贡献是引入了一个新的共享概念,即AnyPrice共享(APS),适用于具有任意权限的设置。即使对于平等权利的情况,这个概念也是新的,并且满足$APS \ge MMS$,其中不平等有时是严格的。我们提出了两个等价的定义APS(一个作为最小化问题,另一个作为最大化问题),并提供APS和以前的公平概念之间的比较。我们的主要结果涉及添加剂的估值和任意的权利,我们提供了一个多项式时间算法,使每个代理至少有一个$\frac{3}{5}$ -她的APS分数。该算法也可以被看作是在某种自然投标博弈中提供策略,这些策略确保每个代理至少有她的APS的$\frac{3}{5}$ -分数。

英文摘要:

We consider the problem of fair allocation of indivisible goods to $n$ agents, with no transfers. When agents have equal entitlements, the well established notion of the maximin share (MMS) serves as an attractive fairness criterion, where to qualify as fair, an allocation needs to give every agent at least a substantial fraction of her MMS. In this paper we consider the case of arbitrary (unequal) entitlements. We explain shortcomings in previous attempts that extend the MMS to unequal entitlements. Our conceptual contribution is the introduction of a new notion of a share, the AnyPrice share (APS), that is appropriate for settings with arbitrary entitlements. Even for the equal entitlements case, this notion is new, and satisfies $APS \ge MMS$, where the inequality is sometimes strict. We present two equivalent definitions for the APS (one as a minimization problem, the other as a maximization problem), and provide comparisons between the APS and previous notions of fairness. Our main result concerns additive valuations and arbitrary entitlements, for which we provide a polynomial-time algorithm that gives every agent at least a $\frac{3}{5}$-fraction of her APS. This algorithm can also be viewed as providing strategies in a certain natural bidding game, and these strategies secure each agent at least a $\frac{3}{5}$-fraction of her APS.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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