In early type galaxies, externally accreted gas is thought to be the main source of gas replenishment at late times. We use MUSE integral field spectroscopy data to study the active S0 galaxy NGC 5077, known to have disturbed dynamics, indicative of a past external interaction. We confirm the presence of a stellar kinematically distinct core with a diameter of 2.8 kpc, counter-rotating with respect to the main stellar body of the galaxy. We find that the counter-rotating core consists of an old stellar population, not significantly different from the rest of the galaxy. The ionised gas is strongly warped and extends out to 6.5 kpc in the polar direction and in a filamentary structure. The gas dynamics is complex, with significant changes in the position angle as a function of radius. The ionised gas line ratios are consistent with LINER excitation by the AGN both in the nucleus and at kiloparsec scales. We discover a nuclear outflow with projected velocity V ~ 400 km/s, consistent with a hollow outflow cone intersecting the plan of the sky. The properties of the misaligned gas match predictions from numerical simulations of misaligned gas infall after a gas-rich merger. The warp and change in the gas orientation as a function of radius are consistent with gas relaxation due to stellar torques, that are stronger at small radii where the gas aligns faster than in the outer regions, driving gas to the nucleus. The stellar and gas dynamics indicate that NGC 5077 has had at least two external interactions, one that resulted in the formation of the counter-rotating core followed by late time external gas accretion. NGC 5077 illustrates the importance of external interactions in the replenishment of the galaxy gas reservoir and the nuclear gas content available for black hole fuelling.
Hot Gas Flows on Parsec Scale in the Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nucleus NGC 3115
NGC 3115被称为低光度活动星系核，拥有最近的（$z\sim0.002$）十亿太阳质量超大质量黑洞（$\sim1.5\times10^9~M_\odot$）。它的Bondi半径$r_\mathrm{B}$（$\sim3\farcs6$）可以很容易地用Chandra解决，这为我们研究超大质量黑洞的吸积流提供了一个很好的机会。在本文中，我们进行二维流体动力学数值模拟，量身定制的NGC 3115，在质量流的邦迪半径。我们对密度和温度的最佳拟合与NGC 3115中心热星际介质的观测结果吻合得很好。我们发现，流的性质完全取决于星系中心的局部星系性质：（1）恒星风（2）与一维计算类似，二维模拟中也发现了一个滞止半径$r_\mathrm{st}\sim0.1~r_\mathrm{B}$，它将质量流划分为一个流入-流出结构;（3）在引力由超大质量黑洞主导，气体由旋转支撑的停滞半径内，辐射无效吸积流理论适用;（4）在滞止半径以外，恒星引力支配着球面引力类似于流体动力学，并导致从Bondi半径外部的陡峭密度分布到Bondi半径内部的平坦密度分布的过渡。
NGC 4936: abundant multi-phase medium in the central weak X-ray cool core and optically dark H I clouds in the group
University of Alabama in Huntsville（阿拉巴马大学亨茨维尔分校）；Zhejiang Laboratory（浙江实验室）；Michigan State University（密歇根州立大学）；Rhodes University（罗德兹大学）；INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari（意大利国家天体物理研究所卡利亚里天文台）
