导航小行星场：原始黑洞作为暗物质的新蒸发约束
Navigating the asteroid field: New evaporation constraints for primordial black holes as dark matter
摘要：
小行星质量范围内的原始黑洞（PBH）$(10^{-17}$-$10^{-12})~M_{\odot}$几乎完全逃脱了作为暗物质候选者的约束。然而，在早期宇宙中，史瓦西度规不再适用，我们必须仔细考虑具有适当宇宙学嵌入的PBH度规。特别是，Thakurta解决方案可能是最适当的解决方案。值得注意的是，Thakurta度规包含一个依赖于时间的视视界，与宇宙尺度因子成正比。我们表明，这意味着PBH比标准史瓦西情况下更热，因此通过霍金辐射蒸发得更快。根据物质辐射的平等性，质量达到$\sim 10^{-12}~M_{\odot}$的PBH已经完全蒸发，因此不可能是一个可行的暗物质候选者。
英文摘要：
Primordial black holes (PBHs) in the asteroid-mass range $(10^{-17}$--$10^{-12})~M_{\odot}$ almost entirely escape constraints as dark matter candidates. In the early universe, however, the Schwarzschild metric is no longer applicable and we must carefully consider PBH metrics with a proper cosmological embedding. In particular, the Thakurta solution stands out as perhaps the most adequate such solution. Notably, the Thakurta metric contains a time-dependent apparent horizon, proportional to the cosmological scale-factor. We show that this implies the PBHs are hotter than in the standard Schwarzschild case, and so evaporate significantly faster via Hawking radiation. By matter-radiation equality, PBHs up to masses of $\sim 10^{-12}~M_{\odot}$ have totally evaporated, and so cannot be a viable dark matter candidate.
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