发表机构
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Instituto de Física Teórica UAM-CSIC（意大利国家核物理研究所都灵分部; 马德里自治大学; 马德里自治大学-西班牙高等科学研究理事会理论物理研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究利用20年INTEGRAL/IBIS数据，通过光谱与形态学联合分析搜寻原初黑洞蒸发产生的硬X射线信号，在广泛质量范围内给出了有竞争力的暗物质占比约束。
AI 中文摘要
小行星质量窗口内的原初黑洞（PBHs）仍是可行的暗物质候选体。在该质量范围的低端，霍金蒸发产生电子和正电子，这些粒子通过与银河系辐射场的逆康普顿（IC）散射产生弥散的硬X射线发射。我们首次利用20年INTEGRAL/IBIS观测数据的联合光谱和形态学分析来搜寻该信号。我们构建了一个物理动机明确的银河系硬X射线背景模型，包括宇宙射线电子的IC发射和未分辨的吸积白矮星，并一致地纳入PBH蒸发的IC贡献。通过同时利用空间和光谱信息，与仅基于光谱数据的分析相比，我们改进了可能的PBH信号与天体物理背景之间的分离。我们在广泛的质量范围内推导出对PBH暗物质占比的约束，包括扩展的PBH质量函数和旋转PBH。我们评估了宇宙射线传播和银河系暗物质密度分布不确定性的影响，发现低能电子和正电子的传播是预测信号不确定性的主要来源。尽管存在这些局限，我们的结果在广泛的PBH质量范围内提供了有竞争力的约束，凸显了硬X射线观测作为蒸发PBH互补探针的潜力。
英文摘要
Primordial black holes (PBHs) in the asteroid-mass window remain a viable dark matter candidate. In the lower part of this mass range, Hawking evaporation produces electrons and positrons that generate diffuse hard X-ray emission through inverse Compton (IC) scattering on Galactic radiation fields. We present the first search for this signal using a combined spectral and morphological analysis of the 20-year INTEGRAL/IBIS observations. We construct a physically motivated model of the Galactic hard X-ray background, including IC emission from cosmic-ray electrons and unresolved accreting white dwarfs, and consistently incorporate the IC contribution from PBH evaporation. By exploiting both spatial and spectral information, we improve the separation between a possible PBH signal and astrophysical backgrounds compared to analyses based only on spectral data. We derive constraints on the PBH dark matter fraction over a broad mass range, including extended PBH mass functions and rotating PBHs. We assess the impact of uncertainties in cosmic-ray propagation and the Galactic dark matter density profile, finding that the propagation of low-energy electrons and positrons represents the main source of uncertainty in the predicted signal. Despite these limitations, our results provide competitive constraints over a wide range of PBH masses, highlighting the potential of hard X-ray observations as a complementary probe of evaporating PBHs.
Comments18 pages, 12 figures, 1 table. Comments are welcome!
