基于太极引力波天文台对标量诱导引力波的原初黑洞的投影约束
Projected Constraints on Primordial Black Holes from Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves with Taiji
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究借助太极引力波天文台，通过标量诱导引力波约束原初黑洞丰度，其在部分小行星质量区间的限制优于现有HSC微透镜约束。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
标量诱导引力波（SIGWs）可直接探测增强的原初曲率扰动，这类扰动也可能产生原初黑洞（PBHs）。本文预测空间基引力波天文台太极（Taiji）搜寻由破折幂律曲率谱产生的SIGW背景的能力。采用信号注入研究验证分析流程，之后利用纯噪声实现推导曲率谱参数的投影上限。借助非线性致密函数、临界坍缩以及致密振幅与其峰值处曲率的联合高斯分布，将这些上限转化为对PBH丰度的约束。所得PBH暗物质占比的95%投影上限满足f_PBH^95%<1，对应PBH质量范围约为6.2×10^-18 M☉至1.7×10^-8 M☉。将该预测与代表性的霍金蒸发和微透镜边界对比，在部分小行星质量区间，太极的投影限制比当前 Subaru 超极巡天相机（HSC）微透镜约束更严格。
英文摘要
Scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) provide a direct probe of the enhanced primordial curvature perturbations that may also produce primordial black holes (PBHs). We forecast the capability of the space-based gravitational-wave observatory Taiji to search for an SIGW background generated by a broken-power-law curvature spectrum. A signal-injection study is used to validate the analysis pipeline, after which a pure-noise realization is employed to derive projected upper limits on the curvature-spectrum parameters. We translate these limits into constraints on the PBH abundance using the nonlinear compaction function, critical collapse, and the joint Gaussian distribution of the compaction amplitude and curvature at its peak. The resulting projected $95\%$ upper limits on the PBH dark-matter fraction satisfy $f_{\mathrm{PBH}}^{95\%}<1$ over PBH masses from approximately $6.2\times10^{-18}\,M_\odot$ to $1.7\times10^{-8}\,M_\odot$. We compare the forecast with representative Hawking-evaporation and microlensing bounds. In part of the asteroid-mass interval, the projected Taiji limit is more restrictive than the current Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) microlensing constraint.
