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arXiv 2103.02273astro-ph.IMastro-ph.EP
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大气扩散的空中测量:II。大气模式表征

On-sky measurements of atmospheric dispersion: II. Atmospheric models characterization

B. Wehbe., A. Cabral, L. Sbordone, G. Avila

摘要:

差分大气色散(英语:Differential atmospheric dispersion)是一种由地球大气层引入的波长相关效应,它会影响使用地面望远镜进行的天文观测。当在不等于零的天顶角进行观测时,使用大气色散校正器(ADC)来补偿这种大气色散是很重要的。ADC的设计基于大气模型,据我们所知,从未对天空测量进行过测试。我们在315-665 nm的波长范围内提出了一个广泛的模型分析。我们使用的方法在本系列的第一篇论文中已经有过描述。它基于使用交叉色散光谱仪来确定每个光谱阶的每个波长处的空间分布的质心的位置。方法的准确度为18 mas。在这个层面上,我们能够比较和表征不同的大气扩散模型的兴趣。为了更好地实现未来的ADC设计,我们建议避免使用Zemax模型,尤其是在光谱的蓝色范围内,当期望残差在几十毫角秒的水平时。

英文摘要:

Differential atmospheric dispersion is a wavelength-dependent effect introduced by Earth's atmosphere that affects astronomical observations performed using ground-based telescopes. It is important, when observing at a zenithal angle different from zero, to use an Atmospheric Dispersion Corrector (ADC) to compensate this atmospheric dispersion. The design of an ADC is based on atmospheric models that, to the best of our knowledge, were never tested against on-sky measurements. We present an extensive models analysis in the wavelength range of 315-665 nm. The method we used was previously described in the paper I of this series. It is based on the use of cross-dispersion spectrographs to determine the position of the centroid of the spatial profile at each wavelength of each spectral order. The accuracy of the method is 18 mas. At this level, we are able to compare and characterize the different atmospheric dispersion models of interest. For better future ADC designs, we recommend to avoid the Zemax model, and in particular in the blue range of the spectra, when expecting residuals at the level of few tens of milli-arcseconds.

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