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arXiv 2102.10808cs.RO
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ikd-Tree:一种面向机器人应用的增量式K-D树

ikd-Tree: An Incremental K-D Tree for Robotic Applications

Hong Kong University(香港大学)

Yixi Cai, Wei Xu, Fu Zhang

摘要:

本文提出了一种用于动态空间划分的高效数据结构-ikd树。ikd树增量更新k-d树与新的未来点,导致更低的计算时间比现有的静态k-d树。除了逐点操作之外,ikd树还支持多个功能,例如在机器人应用中实际有用的框式操作和下采样。与增量操作并行(即,插入、重新插入和删除),ikd-Tree主动监视树结构并部分重新平衡树,这使得在后续阶段中能够进行高效的最近点搜索。ikd树经过精心设计,支持多线程并行计算,以最大限度地提高整体效率。我们验证了ikd树在理论和实际实验。在理论上,给出了完整的时间复杂度分析,证明了算法的高效性。在实验层面上,ikd树在随机数据集和真实世界的LiDAR点数据上进行了测试,在LiDAR惯性测距和测绘应用中。在所有测试中,ikd-Tree只消耗静态k-d树运行时间的4%。

英文摘要:

This paper proposes an efficient data structure, ikd-Tree, for dynamic space partition. The ikd-Tree incrementally updates a k-d tree with new coming points only, leading to much lower computation time than existing static k-d trees. Besides point-wise operations, the ikd-Tree supports several features such as box-wise operations and down-sampling that are practically useful in robotic applications. In parallel to the incremental operations (i.e., insert, re-insert, and delete), ikd-Tree actively monitors the tree structure and partially re-balances the tree, which enables efficient nearest point search in later stages. The ikd-Tree is carefully engineered and supports multi-thread parallel computing to maximize the overall efficiency. We validate the ikd-Tree in both theory and practical experiments. On theory level, a complete time complexity analysis is presented to prove the high efficiency. On experiment level, the ikd-Tree is tested on both randomized datasets and real-world LiDAR point data in LiDAR-inertial odometry and mapping application. In all tests, ikd-Tree consumes only 4% of the running time in a static k-d tree.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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