In the events of peripheral dissociation of relativistic nuclei in the nuclear track emulsion, it is possible to study the emerging ensembles of He and H nuclei, including those from decays of unstable $^{8}$Be and $^{9}$B nuclei, as well as the Hoyle state. These extremely short-lived states are identified by invariant masses calculated from the angles in 2$α$-pairs, 2$αp$- and 3$α$-triplets in the approximation of conservation of momentum per nucleon of the primary nucleus. In the same approach, it is possible to search for more complex states. This paper explores the correlation between the formation of $^{8}$Be nuclei and the multiplicity of accompanying $α$-particles in the dissociation of relativistic $^{16}$O, $^{22}$Ne, $^{28}$Si, and $^{197}$Au nuclei. On the above basis, estimates of this correlation are presented for the unstable $^{9}$B nucleus and the Hoyle state. The enhancement in the $^{8}$Be contribution to dissociation with the $α$-particle multiplicity has been found. Decays of $^{9}$B nuclei and Hoyle states follow the same trend.
This article is dedicated to the results of early measuring fragmentation of relativistic $^{16}$O, $^{22}$Ne, $^{28}$Si, and $^{197}$Au nuclei in a nuclear track emulsion. It has been found that there is a contribution of the unstable $^8$Be nucleus decays to $α$-particle multiplicities. These renewed measurements of nuclear track emulsion exposed to $^{84}$Kr nuclei at the energy of 950 MeV per nucleon have been analyzed and given below.
In this paper, the correlation between the formation of the unstable $^{8}$Be nucleus and accompanying $α$ particles in the fragmentation of relativistic $^{16}$O, $^{22}$Ne, $^{28}$Si, and $^{197}$Au nuclei in a nuclear track emulsion is investigated. The $^{8}$Be decays are identified in a wide energy range by invariant masses calculated from 2$α$-pair opening angles. The adopted approximations are verified by data on fragmentation of $^{16}$O nuclei in a hydrogen bubble chamber in a magnetic field. An increase in the $^{8}$Be contribution to the dissociation with the growth of $α$-particle …
Fragmentation of relativistic nuclei in peripheral interactions in nuclear track emulsion
核径迹乳胶技术被用来探索轻相对论核的碎裂，直到最外围的相互作用-核“白”星。一个完整的模式thererelativistic解离的$^8$ B核与目标片段伴奏。利用显著性统计方法研究了相对论离解$^{9}$ Be $\to2α$，并建立了$^{8}$ Be从0 $^+$和2 $^+$态衰变的相对贡献.显示了相对论碎裂$^{14}$ NPDMATHABMS 3 He +H和$^{22}$ Ne $\to$ 5 He的靶碎片谱。在所有这些情况下，重核上的电磁离解相对于靶质子上的碎裂的主导作用被证明。可以认为，核径迹乳胶中相对论性核的周边离解是研究与核天体物理相关的能标中最轻核和核子组成的多体系统的独特工具。
Clustering in light nuclei in fragmentation above 1 A GeV
用相对论不变量方法分析了3.3 A GeV $^{22}$ Ne在核径迹乳胶中的碎裂.用2.1 A GeV的$^{14}$ N和1.2 A GeV的$^{9}$ Be核对乳胶进行辐照，获得了少体解离的新结果。可以断言，使用不变的方法是一种有效的手段，获得的行为的系统，涉及几个He核在一个相对能量接近1兆电子伏每核子的结论。首次观测到1.2 A GeV的$^{8}$ B和$^{9}$ C核在乳胶中碎裂。所提出的结果允许一个证明核天体物理学的少体方面的发展。
A study of multiplicity distribution of singly charged, doubly charged, multi charged projectile fragments and shower particles have been carried out for the peripheral collisions in 16O-emulsion,22Ne-emulsion and 28Si-emulsion interactions at an incident momentum of (4.1-4.5) AGeV/c. Events having no target fragments have been designated as peripheral collision events. Percentage of peripheral events has been found to increase with the increase of projectile mass. Dispersion of the multiplicity distribution and its dependence on projectile mass for projectile fragments and shower particles ha…
Production of Neutron-rich Heavy Residues and the Freeze-out Temperature in the Fragmentation of Relativistic 238U Projectiles Determined by the Isospin Thermometer
Yield scaling, size hierarchy and fluctuations of observables in fragmentation of excited heavy nuclei
本文研究了入射能量为32-50 A MeV的Sn +Sn反应产生的单源和80 A MeV的Au+Au碰撞产生的准粒子的多重碎裂性质。这两种类型的源的比较有关Fisher标度，Zipf定律，碎片大小和波动观测。所有数据均观察到Fisher标度。从Fisher标度中提取的赝临界能量在Au +Sn中心碰撞和Au准抛射体之间是一致的。在后一种情况下，它也对应于波动最大的能量区域。由Zipf分析得到的临界能高于Fisher分析得到的临界能。
We investigate the contributions of various reaction channels to the interaction, reaction, charge-changing and neutron-changing cross sections. The goal is to investigate the relation between microscopic interactions and the symmetry energy component of the equation of state (EoS) of interest for the structure of neutron stars. We have made a comparison of the neutron skins extracted from diverse experimental techniques with those obtained with Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations with 23 Skyrme and with 8 density-dependent interactions used in the relativistic mean field method. We have show…
Directed and elliptic flow of light nuclei and hypernuclei in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=3$ GeV: Coalescence vs. Statistical Fragmentation
Atomic masses of seven $T_z=-1$, $fp$-shell nuclei from $^{44}$V to $^{56}$Cu and two low-lying isomers, $^{44m}$V ($J^π=6^+$) and $^{52m}$Co ($J^π=2^+$), have been measured with relative precisions of $1-4\times 10^{-7}$ with Isochronous Mass Spectrometry (IMS) at CSRe. The masses of $^{56}$Cu, $^{52g,52m}$Co, and $^{44m}$V were measured for the first time in this experiment. The Mass Excesses ($ME^{\prime}$s) of $^{44}$V, $^{48}$Mn, $^{50}$Fe, and $^{54}$Ni are determined with an order of magnitude improved precision compared to the literature values. $^{52g,52m}$Co and $^{56}$Cu are found t…
This article describes calculations of the yield ratio of anti-particles to the yield of particles ($\bar{p}/p$, $\bar{d}/d$,$\overline{^{3}\mathrm{He}}$/$^{3}$He) in proton-proton and nuclear-nuclear interactions using the self-similarity parameter in the central rapidity region. The used approach is based on the study of relativistic nuclear interactions in the four-velocity space. The results of the calculations are compared with the existing experimental data in a wide center-of-mass energy range ($SPS$, $RHIC$, $LHC$). Within this approach the inclusive spectra of pions and kaons and rati…
We have studied strength in the BCS pairing force, used as a residual interaction to the relativistic mean-field to reproduce the height of the inner fission barriers for actinide nuclei. It was found that increasing the pairing strength by about 13% makes reproduce the inner fission barriers better over a wide range of actinide nuclei. This result was verified by using the moment-of-inertia of pairing rotational energy, which was introduced to avoid mean-field and odd-mass effects in the pairing interaction to deduce purely the pairing strength. The pairing interaction thus determined could s…
The production of light nuclei in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is well described by both the thermal model, where light nuclei are in equilibrium with all other hadron species present in a fireball, and by the coalescence model, where light nuclei are formed due to final state interactions after the fireball decays. A method is proposed to falsify one of the models. We suggest to measure a hadron-deuteron correlation function which carries information about the source of the deuterons and allows one to determine whether a deuteron is directly emitted from the fireball or if it is formed a…
Nuclides sharing the same mass number (isobars) are observed ubiquitously along the stability line. While having nearly identical radii, stable isobars can differ in shape, and present in particular different quadrupole deformations. We show that even small differences in these deformations can be probed by relativistic nuclear collisions experiments, where they manifest as deviations from unity in the ratios of elliptic flow coefficients taken between isobaric systems. Collider experiments with isobars represent, thus, a unique means to obtain quantitative information about the geometric shap…
