采用X-IFU频域多路复用读出的高纵横比TiAu TES X射线微量热计阵列的表征
Characterization of high aspect ratio TiAu TES X-ray microcalorimeters array using the X-IFU Frequency Domain Multiplexing readout
摘要：
我们正在开发X射线微量热仪，作为欧空局领导的ATHENA空间任务上X-IFU仪器中基线探测器的备用选项，并将于21世纪30年代初发射。5 $\times$ 5带有TiAu过渡边缘传感器（TES）的混合阵列，具有不同的高纵横比，因此具有高电阻，已设计和制造，以满足X-IFU仪器的能量分辨率要求。这样的阵列还可以用于优化频域复用（FDM）读出的性能，并导致用于制造大型检测器阵列的最终步骤。在这项工作中，我们提出了实验结果，从几十个设备的纵横比（长度到宽度）范围从1到1到6到1，在单像素模式下测量与FDM读出系统在SRON/VTT开发。我们观察到一个标称能量分辨率约为2.5 eV，在5.9 keV的偏置频率范围从1到5 MHz。这些探测器被证明是欧洲有史以来最好的TES微量热仪，不仅能够满足X-IFU仪器的要求，而且还能够满足未来其他具有挑战性的X射线空间任务、基础物理实验、等离子体表征和材料分析的要求。
英文摘要：
We are developing X-ray microcalorimeters as a backup option for the baseline detectors in the X-IFU instrument on board the ATHENA space mission led by ESA and to be launched in the early 2030s.5$\times$5 mixed arrays with TiAu transition-edge sensor (TES), which have different high aspect ratios and thus high resistances, have been designed and fabricated to meet the energy resolution requirement of the X-IFU instrument. Such arrays can also be used to optimise the performance of the Frequency Domain Multiplexing (FDM) readout and lead to the final steps for the fabrication of a large detector array. In this work we present the experimental results from tens of the devices with an aspect ratio (length-to-width) ranging from 1-to-1 up to 6-to-1, measured in a single-pixel mode with a FDM readout system developed at SRON/VTT. We observed a nominal energy resolution of about 2.5 eV at 5.9 keV at bias frequencies ranging from 1 to 5 MHz. These detectors are proving to be the best TES microcalorimeters ever reported in Europe, being able to meet not only the requirements of the X-IFU instrument, but also those of other future challenging X-ray space missions, fundamental physics experiments, plasma characterization and material analysis.
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