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arXiv 2102.08436cs.SIcs.CY
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2020年社交机器人和社交媒体操纵:回顾之年

Social Bots and Social Media Manipulation in 2020: The Year in Review

Ho-Chun Herbert Chang, Emily Chen, Meiqing Zhang, Goran Muric, Emilio Ferrara

摘要:

2020年将因两件具有全球意义的事件而被铭记:COVID-19大流行和2020年美国总统大选。在本章中,我们总结了最近的研究,使用大型公共Twitter数据集对这些问题。我们有三个主要目标。首先,我们描绘的认识论和实践的考虑,结合传统的计算研究和社会科学研究。当推进社会理论和具体、及时地报道正在发生的事件之间的利害关系很高时,应该取得合理的平衡。我们还评论了从大量社交媒体数据中收集洞察力的计算挑战。其次,我们围绕COVID-19大流行和2020年美国总统选举的讨论,描述了社交机器人在社交媒体操纵中的作用。第三,我们将2020年的结果与前几年的结果进行了比较,注意到尽管机器人账户仍然有助于回声室的出现,但从国家赞助的运动到国内出现的失真源有一个过渡。此外,公共卫生问题可能会受到政治取向的干扰,特别是来自散布错误信息的当地行为者群体的政治取向。我们的结论是,自动化和社交媒体操纵给健康和民主的话语带来了问题,正是因为它们扭曲了公共领域内多元化的表现。

英文摘要:

The year 2020 will be remembered for two events of global significance: the COVID-19 pandemic and 2020 U.S. Presidential Election. In this chapter, we summarize recent studies using large public Twitter data sets on these issues. We have three primary objectives. First, we delineate epistemological and practical considerations when combining the traditions of computational research and social science research. A sensible balance should be struck when the stakes are high between advancing social theory and concrete, timely reporting of ongoing events. We additionally comment on the computational challenges of gleaning insight from large amounts of social media data. Second, we characterize the role of social bots in social media manipulation around the discourse on the COVID-19 pandemic and 2020 U.S. Presidential Election. Third, we compare results from 2020 to prior years to note that, although bot accounts still contribute to the emergence of echo-chambers, there is a transition from state-sponsored campaigns to domestically emergent sources of distortion. Furthermore, issues of public health can be confounded by political orientation, especially from localized communities of actors who spread misinformation. We conclude that automation and social media manipulation pose issues to a healthy and democratic discourse, precisely because they distort representation of pluralism within the public sphere.

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