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arXiv 2102.03691cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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热导率的谱分解:均相分子动力学模拟中速度分解方法的比较

Spectral Decomposition of Thermal Conductivity: Comparing Velocity Decomposition Methods in Homogeneous Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Alexander J. Gabourie, Zheyong Fan, Tapio Ala-Nissila, Eric Pop

摘要:

新应用程序的设计,特别是那些基于异构集成的应用程序,必须依赖于对材料特性的详细了解,例如热导率(TC)。为此,已经开发了多种方法来研究TC作为振动频率的函数。在这里,我们比较了三个频谱TC方法的基础上速度分解均相分子动力学模拟:格林-久保模态分析(GKMA),频谱热流(SHC)的方法,我们提出了一种方法,称为均相非平衡模态分析(HNEMA)。首先,我们推导出一个方便的每个原子的维里一般多体势所描述的系统的表达,使紧凑表示的热流,每个速度分解方法,和其他相关的量。接下来,我们通过计算碳纳米管,石墨烯和硅的光谱TC来评估每种方法。我们表明,除了在光学声子频率,失配的本征矢量和一个大的状态密度的组合产生人工TC峰的模态分析方法,每种方法定性同意。我们的计算还表明,HNEMA和SHC方法收敛速度比GKMA方法快得多,SHC方法是最有效的计算。最后,我们证明了我们的单GPU模态分析实现GPUMD(图形处理单元分子动力学)是超过1000倍的速度比现有的LAMMPS(大规模原子/分子大规模并行模拟器)在一个CPU上实现。

英文摘要:

The design of new applications, especially those based on heterogeneous integration, must rely on detailed knowledge of material properties, such as thermal conductivity (TC). To this end, multiple methods have been developed to study TC as a function of vibrational frequency. Here, we compare three spectral TC methods based on velocity decomposition in homogenous molecular dynamics simulations: Green-Kubo modal analysis (GKMA), the spectral heat current (SHC) method, and a method we propose called homogeneous nonequilibrium modal analysis (HNEMA). First, we derive a convenient per-atom virial expression for systems described by general many-body potentials, enabling compact representations of the heat current, each velocity decomposition method, and other related quantities. Next, we evaluate each method by calculating the spectral TC for carbon nanotubes, graphene, and silicon. We show that each method qualitatively agrees except at optical phonon frequencies, where a combination of mismatched eigenvectors and a large density of states produces artificial TC peaks for modal analysis methods. Our calculations also show that the HNEMA and SHC methods converge much faster than the GKMA method, with the SHC method being the most computationally efficient. Finally, we demonstrate that our single-GPU modal analysis implementation in GPUMD (Graphics Processing Units Molecular Dynamics) is over 1000 times faster than the existing LAMMPS (Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator) implementation on one CPU.

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