The design of new applications, especially those based on heterogeneous integration, must rely on detailed knowledge of material properties, such as thermal conductivity (TC). To this end, multiple methods have been developed to study TC as a function of vibrational frequency. Here, we compare three spectral TC methods based on velocity decomposition in homogenous molecular dynamics simulations: Green-Kubo modal analysis (GKMA), the spectral heat current (SHC) method, and a method we propose called homogeneous nonequilibrium modal analysis (HNEMA). First, we derive a convenient per-atom virial expression for systems described by general many-body potentials, enabling compact representations of the heat current, each velocity decomposition method, and other related quantities. Next, we evaluate each method by calculating the spectral TC for carbon nanotubes, graphene, and silicon. We show that each method qualitatively agrees except at optical phonon frequencies, where a combination of mismatched eigenvectors and a large density of states produces artificial TC peaks for modal analysis methods. Our calculations also show that the HNEMA and SHC methods converge much faster than the GKMA method, with the SHC method being the most computationally efficient. Finally, we demonstrate that our single-GPU modal analysis implementation in GPUMD (Graphics Processing Units Molecular Dynamics) is over 1000 times faster than the existing LAMMPS (Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator) implementation on one CPU.
Impact of Rattlers on Thermal Conductivity of a Thermoelectric Clathrate: A First-Principles Study
利用第一性原理晶格动力学方法研究了晶格振动对Ba $_{8}$ Ga $_{16}$ Ge $_{30}$晶格热导率的影响.比较声子性质的填充和空的笼形物,我们表明,摇铃造成10倍的声子的弛豫时间减少,通过增加声子-声子散射概率。相反的共振散射的情况下,在弛豫时间的减少发生在一个很宽的频率范围内,这是至关重要的解释异常低的热导率的笼形物。我们还发现,振子对声子群速度的影响是次要的,因为声子色散的平坦化只发生在有限的相空间中的布里渊区。
A diffuse-interface model for predicting the evolution of metallic negative electrodes and interfacial voids in solid-state batteries with homogeneous and polycrystalline solid electrolyte separators
Dimension reduction induced anisotropic magnetic thermal conductivity in hematite nanowire
磁相变点附近的热物理性质对研究临界现象具有重要意义。由于低维材料的量子限制和各向异性,低维材料具有与体材料不同的热物理性质。在本工作中,我们测量了$α$ O $_3$纳米线沿[110]方向(生长方向)在100 - 150 K温度范围内的热导率,发现热导率在Morin温度附近出现下降。我们发现纳米线在Morin温度附近的热导率随磁场与[110]方向的夹角而变化。更具体地,由于磁场引起的磁畴壁的移动,观察到角度依赖的热导率。在Morin转变温度附近,热导率最大值所对应的角度发生变化,这是由于根据磁各向异性能计算得到的不同的易磁化轴引起的。热导率的这种角度依赖性表明,由于几何各向异性,$α$ $_2$ O $_3$纳米线的易轴不同于本体$α$ $_2$ O $_3$.
Quantum-corrected thickness-dependent thermal conductivity in amorphous silicon predicted by machine-learning molecular dynamics simulations
非晶硅(a-Si)是一种重要的热管理材料,也是研究强无序材料热输运的理想场所。在很宽的温度和样品尺寸范围内理论预测a-Si的热导率仍然是一个挑战。在这里,我们提出了一个系统的研究a-Si的热输运性质,采用大规模的分子动力学(MD)模拟与准确和有效的机器学习神经进化潜力(NEP)训练对丰富的参考数据计算在量子力学密度泛函理论水平。NEP的高效率使我们能够非常详细地研究有限尺寸和淬火速率对a-Si形成的影响。我们发现,它需要一个模拟细胞$64,000$原子(立方细胞的线性尺寸为11 nm)和淬火速率下降到$10^{11}$ K s $^{-1}$完全收敛的热导率。结构性质,包括短程和中程秩序的特点是对关联函数,角分布函数,配位数,环统计和结构因子进行了研究,以证明NEP的准确性,并进一步评估淬灭率的作用。利用非均相和均相非平衡分子动力学方法以及相关的谱分解技术,计算了a-Si的热导率随温度和厚度的变化,结果表明,从10 K到室温,它们与已有的实验结果吻合得很好。我们的结果也突出了量子效应在计算热导率中的重要性,并支持了基于光谱热导率的量子校正方法。
Substitution of Ni for Fe in superconducting Fe$_{0.98}$Te$_{0.5}$Se$_{0.5}$ depresses the normal-state conductivity but not the magnetic spectral weight
我们对Fe $_{0.98-z}$ Ni $_z$ Te $_{0.5}$ Se $_{0.5}$样品进行了系统的电阻率和非弹性中子散射测量,研究了Ni替代对输运性质和低能($\le$ 12 meV)磁激发的影响。研究发现,随着Ni掺杂量的增加,超导性和导电性逐渐受到抑制,而低能磁谱权重变化不大.通过比较Co和Cu取代的影响,发现在相同取代度下,随着取代基的原子序数偏离Fe原子序数,对导电性和超导电性的影响呈系统性增长。作为散射中心的取代基的影响似乎是大于任何载流子浓度的贡献。低能磁谱权重不会因电子散射的增加而降低,这一事实表明反铁磁关联的存在并不依赖于接近费米能的电子态。