Thin Film Growth of Phase-Separating Phthalocyanine-Fullerene Blends: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study
Berthold Reisz, Eelco Empting, Matthias Zwadlo, Martin Hodas, Giuliano Duva, Valentina Belova, Clemens Zeiser, Jan Hagenlocher, Santanu Maiti, Alexander Hinderh… 展开作者
Berthold Reisz, Eelco Empting, Matthias Zwadlo, Martin Hodas, Giuliano Duva, Valentina Belova, Clemens Zeiser, Jan Hagenlocher, Santanu Maiti, Alexander Hinderhofer, Alexander Gerlach, Martin Oettel, Frank Schreiber
Blended organic thin films have been studied during the last decades due to their applicability in organic solar cells. Although their optical and electronic features have been examined intensively, there is still lack of detailed knowledge about their growth processes and resulting morphologies, which play a key role for the efficiency of optoelectronic devices such as organic solar cells. In this study, pure and blended thin films of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) and the Buckminster fullerene (C60) were grown by vacuum deposition onto a native silicon oxide substrate at two different substrate temperatures, 310 K and 400 K. The evolution of roughness was followed by in-situ real-time X-ray reflectivity. Crystal orientation, island densities and morphology were examined after the growth by X-ray diffraction experiments and microscopy techniques. The formation of a smooth wetting layer followed by rapid roughening was found in pure CuPc thin films, whereas C60 shows a fast formation of distinct islands at a very early stage of growth. The growth of needle-like CuPc crystals loosing their alignment with the substrate was identified in co-deposited thin films. Furthermore, the data demonstrates that structural features become larger and more pronounced and that the island density decreases by a factor of four when going from 310 K to 400 K. Finally, the key parameters roughness and island density were well reproduced on a smaller scale by kinetic Monte-Carlo simulations of a generic, binary lattice model with simple nearest-neighbor interaction energies.
Electrospun Conjugated Polymer/Fullerene Hybrid Fibers: Photoactive Blends, Conductivity through Tunnelling-AFM, Light-Scattering, and Perspective for Their Use in Bulk-Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells
Dynamics of the sub-ambient gelation and shearing of solutions of P3HT incorporated with a non-fullerene acceptor o-IDTBR towards active layer formation in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells
Bridging the lab-to-fab gap in non-fullerene organic solar cells via gravure printing
Institute for Print and Media Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology（印刷与媒体技术研究所，开姆尼茨工业大学）；Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology（物理研究所，开姆尼茨工业大学）；Department of Engineering, Durham University（工程系，杜伦大学）
On the critical competition between singlet exciton decay and free charge generation in non-fullerene-based organic solar cells with low energetic offsets
