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arXiv 2102.01461cond-mat.quant-gasphysics.atom-ph
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扁圆偶极量子气体中的Roton激发

Roton Excitations in an Oblate Dipolar Quantum Gas

Jan-Niklas Schmidt, Jens Hertkorn, Mingyang Guo, Fabian Böttcher, Matthias Schmidt, Kevin S. H. Ng, Sean D. Graham, Tim Langen, Martin Zwierlein, Tilman Pfau

摘要:

在偶极玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的液滴结晶转变过程中,我们观察到了径向和角向旋转子激发的特征。原位测量被用来表征这个过渡附近的密度波动。提取静态结构因子,并利用其特征对称性识别径向和角向转子激励。这些波动峰值作为相互作用强度的函数,指示系统的结晶转变。我们比较我们的观察理论计算的激发光谱,使我们能够连接的结晶机制与软化的角旋转模式。

英文摘要:

We observe signatures of radial and angular roton excitations around a droplet crystallization transition in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates. In situ measurements are used to characterize the density fluctuations near this transition. The static structure factor is extracted and used to identify the radial and angular roton excitations by their characteristic symmetries. These fluctuations peak as a function of interaction strength indicating the crystallization transition of the system. We compare our observations to a theoretically calculated excitation spectrum allowing us to connect the crystallization mechanism with the softening of the angular roton modes.

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