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arXiv 2101.04094astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
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用ESPRESSO观测到的PDKEEPAAA 209458 b的大气层。在高分辨率下没有可探测到的行星撞击

The atmosphere of HD 209458b seen with ESPRESSO. No detectable planetary absorptions at high resolution

N. Casasayas-Barris, E. Palle, M. Stangret, V Bourrier, H. M. Tabernero, F. Yan, F. Borsa, R. Allart, M. R. Zapatero Osorio, C. Lovis, S. G. Sousa, G. Chen, M. … 展开作者

N. Casasayas-Barris, E. Palle, M. Stangret, V Bourrier, H. M. Tabernero, F. Yan, F. Borsa, R. Allart, M. R. Zapatero Osorio, C. Lovis, S. G. Sousa, G. Chen, M. Oshagh, N. C. Santos, F. Pepe, R. Rebolo, P. Molaro, S. Cristiani, V. Adibekyan, Y. Alibert, C. Allende Prieto, F. Bouchy, O. D. S. Demangeon, P. Di Marcantonio, V. D Odorico, D. Ehrenreich, P. Figueira, R. Génova Santos, J. I. González Hernández, B. Lavie, J. Lillo-Box, G. Lo Curto, C. J. A. P. Martins, A. Mehner, G. Micela, N. J. Nunes, E. Poretti, A. Sozzetti, A. Suárez Mascareño, S. Udry

摘要:

我们使用高分辨率的ESTERO光谱仪观察了标志性气体巨星HD 209458 b在380和780 nm之间的两次凌日。导出的行星透射光谱在母星显示强吸收线的所有波长处都显示出特征,例如NaI、MgI、FeI、FeII、CaI、VI、H $α$和KI。我们解释这些功能的签名的变形的恒星线轮廓由于罗西特-麦克劳克林效应,结合恒星表面上的中心到边缘的影响,这是在最近提出的类似的报告在文献中。我们还搜索了可能存在于行星大气中但不存在于恒星光谱中的物质,如TiO和VO,并获得了否定的结果。因此,我们在HD 209458 b的大气层中没有发现任何行星吸收的证据,包括以前报道的NaI。透射光谱的高信噪比使我们能够比较不同的一维恒星大气模型中的恒星线的模拟变形。我们的结论是,各种模型和观测之间的差异仍然在数据的精度范围内。然而,透射光变曲线更好地解释时,中心到肢体的变化不包括在计算中,只考虑Rossiter-McLaughlin变形。这表明,ESTERO是目前最好的设施空间解决恒星表面光谱的光学范围内使用过境观测和进行经验验证的恒星模型。

英文摘要:

We observed two transits of the iconic gas giant HD 209458b between 380 and 780 nm, using the high-resolution ESPRESSO spectrograph. The derived planetary transmission spectrum exhibits features at all wavelengths where the parent star shows strong absorption lines, for example, NaI, MgI, FeI, FeII, CaI, VI, H$α$, and KI. We interpreted these features as the signature of the deformation of the stellar line profiles due to the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, combined with the centre-to-limb effects on the stellar surface, which is in agreement with similar reports recently presented in the literature. We also searched for species that might be present in the planetary atmosphere but not in the stellar spectra, such as TiO and VO, and obtained a negative result. Thus, we find no evidence of any planetary absorption, including previously reported NaI, in the atmosphere of HD 209458b. The high signal-to-noise ratio in the transmission spectrum allows us to compare the modelled deformation of the stellar lines in assuming different one-dimensional stellar atmospheric models. We conclude that the differences among various models and observations remain within the precision limits of the data. However, the transmission light curves are better explained when the centre-to-limb variation is not included in the computation and only the Rossiter-McLaughlin deformation is considered. This demonstrates that ESPRESSO is currently the best facility for spatially resolving the stellar surface spectrum in the optical range using transit observations and carrying out empirical validations of stellar models.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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