ASDEX Upgrade和JET氩致破裂过程中逃逸电子动力学的模拟
Modelling of runaway electron dynamics during argon-induced disruptions in ASDEX Upgrade and JET
摘要：
托卡马克等离子体中的破坏可能导致产生逃逸电子，这些逃逸电子有可能损坏面向等离子体的部件。为了更好地理解失控的产生过程，需要对实验进行解释性建模。在这项工作中，我们模拟了八个放电的ASDEX升级和JET托卡马克，氩气注入触发中断。我们使用的流体建模框架的能力，通过热尾，德莱塞和雪崩机制，以及失控的电子损失模型的产生失控的电子。使用基于实验的等离子体电流和电子温度和密度的初始值，我们可以重现等离子体电流的演变，使用现实的假设温度演变和同化的注入氩在等离子体中。ASDEX升级和JET中模拟排放的假设和结果相似，表明所实施的模型适用于不同尺寸的机器，这对于未来更大机器的建模非常重要。对于ASDEX升级中的模拟放电，初始温度相对较高，我们必须假设大部分热尾逃逸电子丢失，以重现测量的电流演变。
英文摘要：
Disruptions in tokamak plasmas may lead to the generation of runaway electrons that have the potential to damage plasma-facing components. Improved understanding of the runaway generation process requires interpretative modelling of experiments. In this work we simulate eight discharges in the ASDEX Upgrade and JET tokamaks, where argon gas was injected to trigger the disruption. We use a fluid modelling framework with the capability to model the generation of runaway electrons through the hot-tail, Dreicer and avalanche mechanisms, as well as runaway electron losses. Using experimentally based initial values of plasma current and electron temperature and density, we can reproduce the plasma current evolution using realistic assumptions about temperature evolution and assimilation of the injected argon in the plasma. The assumptions and results are similar for the modelled discharges in ASDEX Upgrade and JET, indicating that the implemented models are applicable to machines of varying size, which is important for the modelling of future, larger machines. For the modelled discharges in ASDEX Upgrade, where the initial temperature was comparatively high, we had to assume that a large fraction of the hot-tail runaway electrons were lost in order to reproduce the measured current evolution.
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