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arXiv 2101.01142cs.CLcs.SI
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用于假新闻(在线虚假信息)检测的高级机器学习技术:系统映射研究

Advanced Machine Learning Techniques for Fake News (Online Disinformation) Detection: A Systematic Mapping Study

UTP University of Science and Technology(UTP科技大学);National Technical University of Athens(雅典国立技术大学);Universidad de Burgos(布尔戈斯大学);Wrocław University of Science and Technology(弗罗茨瓦夫科技大学)

Michal Choras, Konstantinos Demestichas, Agata Gielczyk, Alvaro Herrero, Pawel Ksieniewicz, Konstantina Remoundou, Daniel Urda, Michal Wozniak

摘要:

假新闻现在已经成为社会的一个大问题,也是人们对抗虚假信息的一个重大挑战。这一现象困扰着民主选举、个人或组织的声誉,并对公民产生了负面影响(例如,在美国或巴西的COVID-19大流行期间)。因此,通过采用先进的机器学习(ML)方法开发有效的工具来对抗这种现象构成了一个重大挑战。下面的文件显示了目前的知识体系的应用,这种智能工具在打击虚假信息。它首先展示了假新闻在信息战中的历史视角和当前作用。建议的解决方案完全基于专家的工作进行了分析,并指出了最重要的方向,智能系统的应用在错误信息源的检测。此外,本文还介绍了一些有用的资源(主要是在评估用于假新闻检测的ML解决方案时有用的数据集),并简要概述了与该主题相关的最重要的研发项目。这项工作的主要目的是分析目前在检测假新闻方面的知识状况;一方面展示可能的解决方案,另一方面确定主要挑战和方法差距,以激励未来的研究。

英文摘要:

Fake news has now grown into a big problem for societies and also a major challenge for people fighting disinformation. This phenomenon plagues democratic elections, reputations of individual persons or organizations, and has negatively impacted citizens, (e.g., during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US or Brazil). Hence, developing effective tools to fight this phenomenon by employing advanced Machine Learning (ML) methods poses a significant challenge. The following paper displays the present body of knowledge on the application of such intelligent tools in the fight against disinformation. It starts by showing the historical perspective and the current role of fake news in the information war. Proposed solutions based solely on the work of experts are analysed and the most important directions of the application of intelligent systems in the detection of misinformation sources are pointed out. Additionally, the paper presents some useful resources (mainly datasets useful when assessing ML solutions for fake news detection) and provides a short overview of the most important R&D projects related to this subject. The main purpose of this work is to analyse the current state of knowledge in detecting fake news; on the one hand to show possible solutions, and on the other hand to identify the main challenges and methodological gaps to motivate future research.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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