Current long-baseline neutrino-oscillation experiments such as NO$ν$A and T2K are mainly sensitive to physics in the neighbourhood of the first oscillation maximum of the $ν_μ\to ν_e$ oscillation probability. The future Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) utilizes a wide-band beam tune optimized for CP violation sensitivity that fully covers the region of the first maxima and part of the second. In the present study, we elucidate the role of second oscillation maximum in addressing issues pertaining to unknowns in the standard three flavour paradigm. We consider a new DUNE beam tune optimized for coverage of the region of the second oscillation maxima which could be realized using proposed accelerator upgrades that provide multi-MW of power at proton energies of 8 GeV. We find that addition of the multi-MW 8 GeV beam to DUNE wide-band running leads to modest improvement in sensitivity to CP violation, mass hierarchy, the octant of $θ_{23}$ as well as the resolution of $δ$ and the Jarlskog invariant. Significant improvements to the DUNE neutrino energy resolution yield a much larger improvement in performance. We conclude that the standard DUNE wide-band beam when coupled with excellent detector resolution capabilities is sufficient to resolve $δ$ to better than $\sim 12^\circ$ for all values of $δ$ in a decade of running. For second maxima (8 GeV 3MW) beam running concurrently with the standard wide-band (80 GeV 2.2 MW) beam for 5 of the 10 years, it is found that $δ$ can be further resolved better than $\sim 10^\circ$ for all values of $δ$.
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a 20 kton liquid scintillator (LS) detector, which is planed to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and measure the oscillation parameters at the sub-percent level using reactor antineutrino oscillations. As a multipurpose neutrino experiment, JUNO is also capable of measuring supernova burst neutrinos, the diffuse supernova neutrino background, geo-neutrinos, solar neutrinos and atmospheric neutrinos. After a brief introduction to the physics motivation, we discuss the status of the JUNO project, including the design of the detector sy…
A CERN-based high-intensity high-energy proton source for long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments with next-generation large underground detectors for proton decay searches and neutrino physics and astrophysics
We investigate the detection prospects of a non-standard dark sector in the context of boosted dark matter. We consider a scenario where two stable particles have a large mass difference and the heavier particle accounts for most of dark matter in our current universe. The heavier candidate is assumed to have no interaction with the standard model particles at tree-level, hence evading existing constraints. Although subdominant, the lighter dark matter particles are efficiently produced via pair-annihilation of the heavier ones in the center of the Galaxy or the Sun. The large Lorentz boost en…
We study the sensitivity of current and future long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments to the effects of dimension six operators affecting neutrino propagation through Earth, commonly referred to as Non-Standard Interactions (NSI). All relevant parameters entering the oscillation probabilities (standard and non-standard) are considered at once, in order to take into account possible cancellations and degeneracies between them. We find that the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment will significantly improve over current constraints for most NSI parameters. Most notably, it will be able t…
A High-Precision Numerical Framework for Time-Varying Solar Neutrino Flux with Full Earth Matter Oscillation Corrections for Global Underground Laboratories
The neutrino oscillation probabilities in vacuum and matter are discussed, considering the framework of three active and one light sterile neutrinos. We study in detail the rephasing invariants and CP asymmetry observables, and investigate the four-neutrino oscillations in long-baseline neutrino experiments, such as DUNE, NO$ν$A and T2HK. Our results show that the matter effect enhances quite a significantly the oscillation probabilities of electron neutrino and electron antineutrino appearance channels within a certain energy range, while no considerable change arises in the CP asymmetry anal…
DUNE (Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment) is a proposed long-baseline neutrino experiment in the US with a baseline of 1300 km from Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) to Sanford Underground Research Facility, which will house a 40 kt Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) as the far detector. The experiment will also have a fine grained near detector for accurately measuring the initial fluxes. We show that the energy range of the fluxes and baseline of the DUNE near detector is conducive for observing $ν_μ\to ν_e$ oscillations of $Δm^2 \sim$ eV$^2$ scale sterile neutrin…
We investigate the potential of the long-baseline Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to study large-extra-dimension (LED) models originally proposed to explain the smallness of neutrino masses by postulating that right-handed neutrinos, unlike all standard model fermion fields, can propagate in the bulk. The massive Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes of the right-handed neutrino fields modify the neutrino oscillation probabilities and can hence affect their propagation. We show that, as far as DUNE is concerned, the LED model is indistinguishable from a $(3 + 3N)$-neutrino framework for modest v…
We investigate the ability of the Short Baseline Neutrino (SBN) experimental program at Fermilab to test the globally-allowed (3+$N$) sterile neutrino oscillation parameter space. We explicitly consider the globally-allowed parameter space for the (3+1), (3+2), and (3+3) sterile neutrino oscillation scenarios. We find that SBN can probe with $5σ$ sensitivity more than 85\%, 95\% and 55\% of the parameter space currently allowed at 99\% confidence level for the (3+1), (3+2) and (3+3) scenarios, respectively. In the case of the (3+2) and (3+3) scenarios, CP-violating phases appear in the oscilla…
Neutrinos are neutral, spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ particles which undergo only weak interactions. The experimentally observed phenomenon of neutrino oscillation establishes the fact that neutrinos are massive and there is mixing between different neutrino flavours. This constitutes the first unambiguous hint towards the physics Beyond Standard Model (BSM). In the BSM theories, the neutrino mass terms in the Lagrangian lead to the non-diagonal neutrino mass matrix in the flavour basis which depends on neutrino mass and mixing parameters. Thus knowledge of the neutrino oscillation parameters and underst…
Neutrino Oscillation Prospects with a Dual-Baseline Beam from BNL to SNOLAB and SURF
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú（秘鲁天主教 Pontificia 大学）；High Energy Physics Center, Chung-Ang University（中央大学高能物理中心）；Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University（中央大学物理系）；Brookhaven National Laboratory（布鲁克海文国家实验室）
We present an overview of the foundation, evolution, contributions and future prospects of the TEXONO Collaboration and its research programs on neutrino physics and dark matter searches at the Kuo-Sheng Reactor Neutrino Laboratory in Taiwan and, as a founding partner of the CDEX program, at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory in China.
In this contribution we discuss the future of the global long-baseline neutrino oscillation program. The case is made that our current lack of understanding of neutrino-nucleus interactions is a serious challenge which will need to be met with new experimental initiatives in neutrino scattering.
Very Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Experiment for Precise Determination of Oscillation Parameters and Search for nu_mu -> nu_e Appearance and CP Violation
After the observation of non-zero $θ_{13}$ the goal has shifted to observe $CP$ violation in the leptonic sector. Neutrino oscillation experiments can, directly, probe the Dirac $CP$ phases. Alternatively, one can measure $CP$ violation in the leptonic sector using Leptonic Unitarity Quadrangle(LUQ). The existence of Standard Model (SM) gauge singlets - sterile neutrinos - will provide additional sources of $CP$ violation. We investigate the connection between neutrino survival probability and rephasing invariants of the $4\times4$ neutrino mixing matrix. In general, LUQ contain eight geometri…
The feasibility study of an underground laboratory in the Polkowice -Sieroszowice mine in Poland (SUNLAB) as a host of a far detector in a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment was performed. The SUNLAB location was previously studied under the LAGUNA FP7 project as a location for the underground multipurpose laboratory. The complementary study of the long-baseline neutrino experiment presented in this paper was performed as a continuation of this idea. A neutrino beam produced at CERN and a far LAr-TPC detector hosted in the SUNLAB laboratory were simulated. The sensitivity of such an…
We perform a comprehensive study of the ability of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to answer outstanding questions in the neutrino sector. We consider the sensitivities to the mass hierarchy, the octant of θ_{23} and to CP violation using data from beam and atmospheric neutrinos. We evaluate the dependencies on the precision with which θ_{13} will be measured by reactor experiments, on the detector size, beam power and exposure time, on detector magnetization, and on the systematic uncertainties achievable with and without a near detector. We find that a 35 kt far detector in D…
Understanding the pion generation and the consequences of final-state interactions (FSI) are critical for the data processing in all neutrino experiments. The energy utilized in modern neutrino research of the resonance (RES) generation processes contributes significantly to the pion production. If a pion is absorbed in the nuclear matter after its production, the event may become unrecognizable from a quasielastic (QE) scattering process and act as a background. For oscillation experiments, estimating this background is critical, and it necessitates solid theoretical models for both pion gene…
Developing neutrino astronomy requires a good understanding of the neutrino oscillations mechanism. The European strategy for neutrino oscillation physics sets a high priority on future long baseline neutrino experiments with the aim to measure the intrinsic parameters that govern the neutrino oscillations. In this work we take a look at the next generation of long baseline experiments and discuss their prospects in future research.
I review the physics of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino flux (or Background, DSNB), in the context of future searches at the next generation of neutrino observatories. The theory of the DSNB is discussed in its fundamental elements, namely the cosmological rate of supernovae, neutrino production inside a core collapse supernova, redshift, and flavor oscillation effects. The current upper limits are also reviewed, and results are shown for the rates and energy distributions of the events expected at future liquid argon and liquid scintillator detectors of O(10) kt mass, and water Cherenkov detec…
We present an overview of the current status of neutrino oscillation studies at atmospheric neutrino experiments. While the current data gives some tentalising hints regarding the neutrino mass hierarchy, octant of $θ_{23}$ and $δ_{CP}$, the hints are not statistically significant. We summarise the sensitivity to these sub-dominant three-generation effects from the next-generation proposed atmospheric neutrino experiments. We next present the prospects of new physics searches such as non-standard interactions, sterile neutrinos and CPT violation studies at these experiments.
Underground Neutrino Detectors for Particle and Astroparticle Science: the Giant Liquid Argon Charge Imaging ExpeRiment (GLACIER)
CERN计划目前的重点是大型强子对撞机（LHC），然而，CERN正在与CNGS项目一起从事长基线中微子物理学研究，并支持T2 K作为公认的CERN RE 13，并且有很好的理由：高能物理学和宇宙学中的许多观察到的现象在粒子物理学的标准模型内缺乏分辨率;这些谜题包括中微子质量的起源、轻子扇区的CP破坏和宇宙的重子不对称性。这些问题在LHC中只会得到部分解决。对$\sin^22θ_{13}>0.01$的正测量无疑将极大地促进中微子物理学的发展，因为它为研究轻子扇区中的CP破坏和用升级的常规超级束确定中微子质量等级提供了可能。这些实验（所谓的“第二阶段”）除了需要升级的射束功率外，还需要下一代超大质量中微子探测器，在宽中微子能量范围内具有优异的能量分辨率和高探测效率，以覆盖第一和第二振荡最大值，以及优异的粒子识别和$π^0$背景抑制。神冈的两代大型切伦科夫水探测器（Kamiokande和Super-Kamiokande）非常成功。有充分的理由考虑第三代水切伦科夫探测器，其质量比超级神冈探测器大一个数量级，用于非加速器（质子衰变，超新星，...）和基于加速器的物理学另一方面，一个大约100千吨的巨大地下液态氩探测器可以成为“第二阶段”精确测量的一个可靠的替代方案，并旨在中微子天体粒子和非加速器粒子物理学（例如质子衰变）方面取得重大的新成果。
Theoretical Prospects of Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay
太阳中微子和大气中微子振荡的实验证据表明真空中存在3-中微子混合。本文简要回顾了3-中微子混合的现象学，以及目前有关3-中微子混合参数的数据。本文概述了中微子混合和振荡领域中存在的问题和今后研究的主要目标。有效马约拉纳质量的预测|<m>| in neutrinoless double beta (bb0nu-) decay in the case of 3-neutrino mixing and massive Majorana neutrinos are reviewed.的物理潜力的实验，寻找bb 0 nu衰变和灵敏度约10倍，优于目前达到的，提供信息的类型的中微子质谱，中微子质量的绝对规模和马约拉纳CP违反阶段的PMNS中微子混合矩阵，进行了讨论。
