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arXiv 2012.05271astro-ph.GA
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利用盖亚EDR3观测恒星流测量太阳的速度

Measuring the Sun's velocity using Gaia EDR3 observations of Stellar Streams

Khyati Malhan, Rodrigo A. Ibata, Nicolas F. Martin

摘要:

我们测量太阳的速度相对于星系晕使用盖亚早期数据发布3(EDR 3)恒星流的观测。我们的方法依赖于这样一个事实,即在低质量流中,恒星的自行应该在银河系的非旋转静止系中沿着流结构定向,但由于太阳自身的反射运动而产生了观察到的偏差。这一原则使我们能够实现一个简单的几何过程,我们用它来分析17个流在$\sim 3-30$千秒差距的范围。我们对太阳运动的约束是独立于任何银河系势模型的,它也与太阳的银河系中心距离无关。我们推断太阳的速度为$V_{R,\odot}=8.88^{+1.20}_{-1.22}\,\rm{kms^{-1}}$(径向朝向银河系中心)、$V_{ϕ,\odot}=241.91^{+1.61}_{-1.73}\,\rm{kms^{-1}}$(沿银河系旋转方向)和$V_{z,\odot}=3.08^{+1.06}_{-1.10}\,\rm{kms^{-1}}$(垂直向上),与过去通过其他技术测量的结果在全球范围内一致;尽管我们确实注意到$V_{z,\odot}$分量中有一个很小但很重要的差异。其中一些参数显示出显着的相关性,我们提供了我们的MCMC输出,因此它可以被读者用作未来工作的输入。我们的太阳的速度推断和以前的结果之间的比较,使用其他参考系,表明内银河系并没有相对于由晕流定义的惯性系移动。

英文摘要:

We measure the Sun's velocity with respect to the Galactic halo using Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) observations of stellar streams. Our method relies on the fact that, in low-mass streams, the proper motion of stars should be directed along the stream structure in a non-rotating rest frame of the Galaxy, but the observed deviation arises due to the Sun's own reflex motion. This principle allows us to implement a simple geometrical procedure, which we use to analyse 17 streams over a $\sim 3-30$ kpc range. Our constraint on the Sun's motion is independent of any Galactic potential model, and it is also uncorrelated with the Sun's galactocentric distance. We infer the Sun's velocity as $V_{R,\odot}=8.88^{+1.20}_{-1.22}\,\rm{kms^{-1}}$ (radially towards the Galactic centre), $V_{ϕ,\odot}=241.91^{+1.61}_{-1.73}\,\rm{kms^{-1}}$ (in the direction of Galactic rotation) and $V_{z,\odot}=3.08^{+1.06}_{-1.10}\,\rm{kms^{-1}}$ (vertically upwards), in global agreement with past measurements through other techniques; although we do note a small but significant difference in the $V_{z,\odot}$ component. Some of these parameters show significant correlation and we provide our MCMC output so it can be used by the reader as an input to future works. The comparison between our Sun's velocity inference and previous results, using other reference frames, indicates that the inner Galaxy is not moving with respect to the inertial frame defined by the halo streams.

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