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arXiv 2012.04471astro-ph.GAastro-ph.CO
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大质量星系中的超大质量黑洞:$M_{\rm BH}-σ$与$M_{\rm BH}-R_{\rm b}$

Ultramassive black holes in the most massive galaxies: $M_{\rm BH}-σ$ versus $M_{\rm BH}-R_{\rm b}$

Bililign T. Dullo, Armando Gil de Paz, Johan H. Knapen

摘要:

[摘要]我们研究黑洞(BH)质量($M_{\rm BH}$)和中心速度色散($σ$)之间的关系的性质,对于核心-Sérsic星系,耗尽核心的大小($R_{\rm b}$)。我们的144个星系的样本与动态确定的$M_{\rm BH}$包括24个核心Sérsic星系,被认为是产品的气体贫乏合并,并可靠地确定基于高分辨率HST成像。对于核心星系,结合正常核星系($R_{\rm b} < 0.5 $ kpc)和大核星系($R_{\rm b} \gtrsim 0.5$ kpc),我们发现$M_{\rm BH}$与$R_{\rm b}$有非常好的相关性,使得$M_{\rm BH} \propto R_{\rm b}^{1.20 \pm 0.14}$(rms scatter in log $M_{\rm BH}$ of $Δ_{\rm rms} \sim 0.29$ dex),证实了除了三个新星系外,以前对相同星系的工作。将样本分为Sérsic、正常核和大核星系,我们发现Sérsic和正常核星系共同定义了一个单一的对数线性$M_{\rm BH}-σ$关系$M_{\rm BH} \propto σ^{ 4.88 \pm 0.29}$与$Δ_{\rm rms} \sim 0.47$ dex,然而,在高质量端的大核星系(四个测量到$M_{\rm BH}$)从这个关系向上偏移了($2.5-4) \times σ_{\rm s}$),解释了以前报道的大质量星系的$M_{\rm BH}-σ$关系变陡。大核心球状体的星等为$M_{V} \le -23.50$等,半光半径Re为$>$ 10 kpc,质量极大,为$M_{*} \ge 10^{12}M_{\odot}$。此外,这些球状体倾向于容纳超大质量BH($M_{\rm BH} \ge 10^{10}M_{\odot}$),它们与$R_{\rm b}$而不是$σ$紧密相连。不太受欢迎的$M_{\rm BH}-R_{\rm b}$关系表现出$\sim$比$M_{\rm BH}- σ$关系在log $M_{\rm BH}$中的分散少62%。

英文摘要:

[Abridged] We investigate the nature of the relations between black hole (BH) mass ($M_{\rm BH}$) and the central velocity dispersion ($σ$) and, for core-Sérsic galaxies, the size of the depleted core ($R_{\rm b}$). Our sample of 144 galaxies with dynamically determined $M_{\rm BH}$ encompasses 24 core-Sérsic galaxies, thought to be products of gas-poor mergers, and reliably identified based on high-resolution HST imaging. For core-Sérsic galaxies -- i.e., combining normal-core ($R_{\rm b} < 0.5 $ kpc) and large-core galaxies ($R_{\rm b} \gtrsim 0.5$ kpc), we find that $M_{\rm BH}$ correlates remarkably well with $R_{\rm b}$ such that $M_{\rm BH} \propto R_{\rm b}^{1.20 \pm 0.14}$ (rms scatter in log $M_{\rm BH}$ of $Δ_{\rm rms} \sim 0.29$ dex), confirming previous works on the same galaxies except three new ones. Separating the sample into Sérsic, normal-core and large-core galaxies, we find that Sérsic and normal-core galaxies jointly define a single log-linear $M_{\rm BH}-σ$ relation $M_{\rm BH} \propto σ^{ 4.88 \pm 0.29}$ with $Δ_{\rm rms} \sim 0.47$ dex, however, at the high-mass end large-core galaxies (four with measured $M_{\rm BH}$) are offset upward from this relation by ($2.5-4) \times σ_{\rm s}$, explaining the previously reported steepening of the $M_{\rm BH}-σ$ relation for massive galaxies. Large-core spheroids have magnitudes $M_{V} \le -23.50$ mag, half-light radii Re $>$ 10 kpc and are extremely massive $M_{*} \ge 10^{12}M_{\odot}$. Furthermore, these spheroids tend to host ultramassive BHs ($M_{\rm BH} \ge 10^{10}M_{\odot}$) tightly connected with their $R_{\rm b}$ rather than $σ$. The less popular $M_{\rm BH}-R_{\rm b}$ relation exhibits $\sim$ 62% less scatter in log $M_{\rm BH}$ than the $M_{\rm BH}- σ$ relations.

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