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arXiv 2012.03957hep-phastro-ph.CO
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土行毫装遗迹

Earth-bound Milli-charge Relics

Maxim Pospelov, Harikrishnan Ramani

摘要:

具有小电荷或毫电荷(mCPs)的暗扇区粒子可能导致粒子物理、天体物理和宇宙学中的各种不同现象。假设它们可能存在,我们研究了MCP在物质中的积累和传播,特别是在地球内部。即使是很小的毫荷值也会导致原子上相当大的散射截面,从而导致完全热化,因此,mCP的数密度会相当大,特别是对于GeV和更高的质量值,当蒸发受到抑制时。增强mCP密度相比,他们的银河系的丰度,可以作为大$10^{14}$,导致新的实验探测这种模式的可能性。mCP对的湮灭将导致大体积探测器(例如超级神冈探测器)的新特征。通过直接的暗物质探测实验可以观察到带负电荷的mCP与原子核的结合态的形成。利用地下静电加速器,可以开发一种独特的mCP探测器,它可以直接将mCP加速到直接暗物质探测实验的实验阈值以上。

英文摘要:

Dark sector particles with small electric charge, or millicharge, (mCPs) may lead to a variety of diverse phenomena in particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. Assuming their possible existence, we investigate the accumulation and propagation of mCPs in matter, specifically inside the Earth. Even small values of millicharge lead to sizeable scattering cross sections on atoms, resulting in complete thermalization, and as a consequence, considerable build-up of number densities of mCPs, especially for the values of masses of GeV and higher when the evaporation becomes inhibited. Enhancement of mCP densities compared to their galactic abundance, that can be as big as $10^{14}$, leads to the possibility of new experimental probes for this model. The annihilation of pairs of mCPs will result in new signatures for the large volume detectors (such as Super-Kamiokande). Formation of bound states of negatively charged mCPs with nuclei can be observed by direct dark matter detection experiments. A unique probe of mCP can be developed using underground electrostatic accelerators that can directly accelerate mCPs above the experimental thresholds of direct dark matter detection experiments.

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