在地球中寻找重带电遗迹
Searching for heavy charged relics in the Earth
AI总结：
研究提出检测重带电粒子环境密度的方法，通过研究粒子在多种材料中的积累，利用离心或重力沉降浓缩及质谱识别，可发现特定质量范围带电遗迹，探路实验能达\(f_X\sim 10^{-10}\)并探索新参数空间。
AI中文摘要：
我们提出了一种检测重带电粒子环境密度的方法。此类粒子会撞击地球，在地球物质中损失能量并被捕获。我们研究了这些稀有粒子在多种提供大曝光量的目标材料（如水和地质岩石）中的积累情况。讨论了通过离心或重力沉降浓缩粒子的策略以及使用质谱进行粒子识别的方法。该方法能够发现质量为\(1 - 10^{12}\,{\rm TeV}\)的带电遗迹，其占当地暗物质密度的极小部分，最低质量时可达\(f_X\sim 10^{-20}\)。仅使用一升水和一台离心机（或\(\sim \text{m}^3\)且无离心机）运行一个月的探路实验就能达到\(f_X\sim 10^{-10}\)并探索新的参数空间。
英文摘要：
We propose a method for detecting an ambient density of heavy, electrically-charged particles. Such particles would impact the Earth, lose energy in terrestrial matter, and become trapped. We study the accumulation of these rare particles in multiple target materials that provide large exposure, such as water and geological rocks. We discuss strategies for concentrating the particles by centrifugation or gravitational settling, along with particle identification using mass spectrometry. This method enables the discovery of charged relics with masses $1-10^{12}\,{\rm TeV}$ comprising a tiny fraction of the local dark matter density, reaching down to $f_X\sim 10^{-20}$ at the lowest masses. A pathfinder experiment using only a liter of water and one centrifuge (or $\sim \text{m}^3$ and no centrifuge) operating for a month can already reach $f_X\sim 10^{-10}$ and probe new parameter space.
