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arXiv 2011.14349cond-mat.mes-hall
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[001] GaAs量子阱中自旋轨道相互作用的电子密度效应

Electron density effect on spin-orbit interaction in [001] GaAs quantum wells

P. S. Alekseev, M. O. Nestoklon

摘要:

半导体量子阱中二维电子的自旋轨道相互作用通常被认为是由异质结构的能带分布决定的。在GaAs/AlGaAs型异质结中,这种相互作用由各向同性的Bychkov-Rashba项和各向异性的Dresselhaus项组成,Bychkov-Rashba项在对称阱中是不存在的,Dresselhaus项反映了晶格对称性。众所周知,第一项可以由生长方向上的电场控制:外部或内部,由2D电子的电荷密度引起。在这项工作中,我们发现,二维电子电荷也可以在很大程度上影响对称量子阱中的Dresselhaus相互作用。在单带电子哈密顿量中,量子阱界面对Dresselhaus项的两个贡献与Dresselhaus相互作用一起,我们证明了二维电子电荷密度的内部电场可以使二维电子的各向异性自旋轨道相互作用重整化.这种效应在量子阱中自旋相关现象的定量研究中可能是重要的。

英文摘要:

The spin-orbit interaction of two-dimensional (2D) electrons in semiconductor quantum wells is usually considered to be determined by the band profile of a heterostructure. In the GaAs/AlGaAs type heterosystems, this interaction consists of the isotropic Bychkov-Rashba term, which is absent in symmetric wells, and the anisotropic Dresselhaus term, reflecting the lattice symmetry. It is well-known that the first term can be controlled by electric fields in the growth direction: external or internal, induced by a charge density of 2D electrons. In this work we reveal that the 2D electron charge can substantially affect also the Dresselhaus interaction in symmetric quantum wells. Within the one-band electron Hamiltonian containing, together with the bulk Dresselhaus interaction, the two contributions to the Dresselhaus term from the quantum well interfaces, we show that the internal electric field from the 2D electron charge density can substantially renormalize the anisotropic spin-orbit interaction of 2D electrons. This effect may be important in quantitative studies of spin-dependent phenomena in quantum wells.

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