HD209458b与ESPRESSO的宽带透射光谱：Na、TiO或两者的证据
Broadband transmission spectroscopy of HD209458b with ESPRESSO: Evidence for Na, TiO, or both
摘要：
对系外行星大气的探测和定性是目前推动新观测设施发展的主要动力之一。在这种情况下，高分辨率光谱仪正在{证明}其潜力，并表明高分辨率光谱学将在这一领域至关重要。我们的目标是利用ESTERO高分辨率光谱，其中包括两个过境的HD 209458 b，探测宽带传输光谱的行星。我们应用Rossiter-McLaughin方法计算了HD209458 b的透射光谱。我们将结果与以前的HST观测和合成光谱进行了比较。我们恢复的HD209458 b的透射光谱与HST数据获得的光谱相似。这些模型表明，观察到的信号可以解释只有钠，只有TiO，或钠和TiO，即使没有一个是完全能够解释我们观察到的透射光谱。可能需要额外的吸收器来解释完整的数据集，尽管建模近似和观测误差也可能是观测到的不匹配的原因。使用彩色Rossiter McLaughlin技术，ESTERO能够从地面提供系外行星的宽带透射光谱，与天基设施相结合，为其他行星的类似研究开辟了良好的前景。
英文摘要：
The detection and characterization of exoplanet atmospheres is currently one of the main drivers pushing the development of new observing facilities. In this context, high-resolution spectrographs are {proving} their potential and showing that high-resolution spectroscopy will be paramount in this field. We aim to make use of ESPRESSO high-resolution spectra, which cover two transits of HD209458b, to probe the broadband transmission optical spectrum of the planet. We applied the chromatic Rossiter-McLaughin method to derive the transmission spectrum of HD209458b. We compared the results with previous HST observations and with synthetic spectra. We recover a transmission spectrum of HD209458b similar to the one obtained with HST data. The models suggest that the observed signal can be explained by only Na, only TiO, or both Na and TiO, even though none is fully capable of explaining our observed transmission spectrum. Extra absorbers may be needed to explain the full dataset, though modeling approximations and observational errors can also be responsible for the observed mismatch. Using the chromatic Rossiter-McLaughlin technique, ESPRESSO is able to provide broadband transmission spectra of exoplanets from the ground, in conjunction with space-based facilities, opening good perspectives for similar studies of other planets.
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