arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2011.03059gr-qcastro-ph.GA
收藏

大质量黑洞对致密天体的引力俘获

The gravitational capture of compact objects by massive black holes

Pau Amaro-Seoane

AI总结:

本文研究大质量黑洞引力俘获致密天体形成的 E/IMRI 和 XMRI 系统,指出它们作为引力波源可对极端强场时空进行直接测绘,并强调 LISA 等未来天基观测站在此领域不可替代的科学价值。

摘要:

超大质量黑洞对恒星质量致密天体(CO)的引力俘获是强场区域引力的独特探针。由于质量比很大,我们将这类源称为极端质量比旋近(EMRIs)。类似地,致密天体可以被球状星团或矮星系中的中等质量黑洞俘获。这种情况下质量比较低,因此我们将该系统称为中等质量比旋近(IMRI)。此外,诸如褐矮星这类质量远小于太阳的亚恒星天体,可以旋近至我们银河系中心的超大质量黑洞(如 Sgr A*)。在这种情况下,质量比极其大,因此我们将该系统称为超大质量比旋近(XMRIs)。所有这些引力波源将为我们提供超大质量黑洞周围时空的一系列快照,使我们能够直接绘制超大质量黑洞周围扭曲时空的图像,即在这一极端引力区域对引力进行实时制图。E/I/XMRIs 将被未来天基观测站(如 LISA)探测到。迄今为止,还没有任何其他已构想、已规划甚至曾被设想的探针能够实现我们利用这些旋近系统所能完成的科学研究。我们将从相对论天体物理学的视角对它们进行讨论。

英文摘要:

The gravitational capture of a stellar-mass compact object (CO) by a supermassive black hole is a unique probe of gravity in the strong field regime. Because of the large mass ratio, we call these sources extreme-mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs). In a similar manner, COs can be captured by intermediate-mass black holes in globular clusters or dwarf galaxies. The mass ratio in this case is lower, and hence we refer to the system as an intermediate-mass ratio inspiral (IMRI). Also, sub-stellar objects such as a brown dwarf, with masses much lighter than our Sun, can inspiral into supermassive black holes such as Sgr A* at our Galactic centre. In this case, the mass ratio is extremely large and, hence, we call this system ab extremely-large mass ratio inspirals (XMRIs). All of these sources of gravitational waves will provide us with a collection of snapshots of spacetime around a supermassive black hole that will allow us to do a direct mapping of warped spacetime around the supermassive black hole, a live cartography of gravity in this extreme gravity regime. E/I/XMRIs will be detected by the future space-borne observatories like LISA. There has not been any other probe conceived, planned or even thought of ever that can do the science that we can do with these inspirals. We will discuss them from a viewpoint of relativistic astrophysics.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑