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arXiv 2009.10341astro-ph.SR
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沃尔夫-拉叶星风中的聚集

Clumping in the Winds of Wolf-Rayet Stars

André-Nicolas Chené, Nicole St-Louis, Anthony F. J. Moffat, Kenneth G. Gayley

摘要:

我们试图通过将银河系沃尔夫-拉叶星的光谱变化水平的测量扩展到迄今为止已知的最热的WN 2恒星WR 2和WO 2恒星WR 102和WR 142来确定热星风中聚集的驱动因素。这三颗恒星的T* 分别为140 kK和200 kK,后两颗远高于T* 为40-120 kK的WR星。WR星的完整温度范围比它们的O星祖先(~30-50 kK)宽得多,因此更适合寻找风聚集的任何温度依赖性。我们已经获得了多个观测高信噪比,中等分辨率的光谱学在寻找小尺度的变化,强发射线从这三个极端的恒星的密集风,并发现一个非常低的水平的变化,在这两个恒星。温度和终极速度是相关的,所以更快的风显示出更低的变化,尽管这种趋势与任何只涉及线消影不稳定性(LDI)的预测相反,这意味着LDI固有的不稳定性不是风聚集的主要来源。相反,它可以被认为是支持的建议,团块是由一个次表面对流区(SSCZ)在T ~ 170 kK,因为这样的SSCZ将几乎没有机会在这些最热的WR星的流体静力表面下运行。然而,仍然有可能与SSCZ相关的驱动器可以与非线性线路不稳定性效应相互作用,以增强甚至可能产生团块。

英文摘要:

We attempt to determine the driver for clumping in hot-star winds by extending the measure of the spectral variability level of Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars to by far the hottest known among them, the WN2 star WR 2 and the WO2 stars WR 102 and WR 142. These three stars have T* = 140 kK and 200 kK, the last two being well above the bulk of WR stars with T* ~ 40-120 kK. This full temperature range for WR stars is much broader than that of their O-star progenitors (~30-50 kK), so is better suited to look for any temperature dependence of wind clumping. We have obtained multiple observations with high signal-to-noise, moderate-resolution spectroscopy in search of smallscale variability in the strong emission lines from the dense winds of these three extreme stars, and find a very low-level of variability in both stars. Temperature and terminal velocity are correlated, so faster winds show a lower variability, though this trend goes against any predictions made involving Line Deshadowing Instability (LDI) only, implying that instabilities intrinsic to LDI are not the main source of wind clumping. Instead, it could be taken as support for the suggestion that clumps are caused by a sub-surface convection zone (SSCZ) at T ~ 170 kK, since such an SSCZ would have little opportunity to operate under the hydrostatic surface of these hottest WR stars. It is still possible, however, that an SSCZ-related driver could interact with nonlinear line instability effects to enhance or possibly even produce clumps.

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