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arXiv 2009.05043cond-mat.mes-hall
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Berry曲率偶极子诱导的Weyl半金属非线性输运

Nonlinear transport in Weyl semimetals induced by Berry curvature dipole

Chuanchang Zeng, Snehasish Nandy, Sumanta Tewari

摘要:

拓扑Weyl半金属(WSMs)由于其大的Berry曲率集中在Weyl节点附近,被认为是探测Berry曲率偶极(BCD)以及相关的电子学和光学非线性效应的理想材料。然而,孤立的倾斜Weyl锥的线性化模型仅实现对角非零BCD张量,其在镜像对称的存在下在具有多个Weyl节点的WSM模型中总和为零。另一方面,最近的\textit{ab initio}工作发现,现实的WSM像TaAs型或MoTe $_2$型化合物,具有镜像对称性,确实表现出非对角BCD张量,其非零分量的幅度增强。到目前为止,有一个缺乏的理论工作,解决这个矛盾的3D WSM。在本文中,我们系统地研究了BCD在三维WSM使用格Weyl哈密顿,这超出了线性模型。我们发现,这些WSM的非零BCD及其相关的重要功能不依赖于从Weyl节点的贡献。相反,它们依赖于位于\textit{between}外尔节点的费米面部分,在倒易空间中相邻外尔锥重叠的区域。对于足够大的化学势,这样的费米面存在于晶格外尔哈密顿以及在现实的WSM。我们还表明,一个晶格Weyl哈密顿与非零手性化学势的Weyl锥也可以支持下降或峰值附近的Weyl节点本身的BCD张量的非对角分量,与最近的\textit{ab initio}工作。

英文摘要:

Topological Weyl semimetals (WSMs) have been predicted to be excellent candidates for detecting Berry curvature dipole (BCD) and the related non-linear effects in electronics and optics due to the large Berry curvature concentrated around the Weyl nodes. And yet, linearized models of isolated tilted Weyl cones only realize a diagonal non-zero BCD tensor which sum to zero in the model of WSM with multiple Weyl nodes in the presence of mirror symmetry. On the other hand, recent \textit{ab initio} work has found that realistic WSMs like TaAs-type or MoTe$_2$-type compounds, which have mirror symmetry, indeed show an off-diagonal BCD tensor with an enhanced magnitude for its non-zero components. So far, there is a lack of theoretical work addressing this contradiction for 3D WSMs. In this paper, we systematically study the BCD in 3D WSMs using lattice Weyl Hamiltonians, which go beyond the linearized models. We find that the non-zero BCD and its related important features for these WSMs do not rely on the contribution from the Weyl nodes. Instead, they are dependent on the part of the Fermi surface that lies \textit{between} the Weyl nodes, in the region of the reciprocal space where neighboring Weyl cones overlap. For large enough chemical potential such Fermi surfaces are present in the lattice Weyl Hamiltonians as well as in the realistic WSMs. We also show that, a lattice Weyl Hamitonian with a non-zero chiral chemical potential for the Weyl cones can also support dips or peaks in the off-diagonal components of the BCD tensor near the Weyl nodes themselves, consistent with recent \textit{ab initio} work.

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