临床质子成像系统原型图像特征分析
Analysis of characteristics of images acquired with a prototype clinical proton radiography system
摘要：
在患者治疗位置获得的患者特定质子阻止功率的验证可用于减少粒子束计划中所需的远端裕度。质子造影可用作治疗前仪器，以验证积分阻止本领与治疗计划CT的一致性。虽然质子射线照片是积分阻止能力的逐像素表示，但是图像也可以具有足够高的质量和对比度以用于患者对准。本研究鉴定了临床质子输送系统上原型质子X射线摄影系统的准确性和图像质量。我们已经开发出一种临床原型质子射线照相系统，旨在集成到高效的临床工作流程中。我们测试了该系统获得的图像的水等效厚度（WET）的准确性，图像噪声和空间分辨率。我们通过比较定制立柱体模质子射线照片上几个感兴趣区域（ROI）的平均WET和rms误差来评价WET准确度。我们通过测量调制传递函数（MTF）的10%值，测量了CATPHAN线对体模和自定义边缘体模的空间分辨率。此外，我们测试了检测质子范围误差的能力，由于患者的解剖结构变化，定制的CIRS儿科头部体模和不同的WET插入放置在脑后窝。我们拍摄了每个插入物就位的体模的质子射线照片，并在所得图像之间创建了差异图。从差异图中的ROI测量积分质子范围。
英文摘要：
Verification of patient specific proton stopping powers obtained in the patient treatment position can be used to reduce the distal margins needed in particle beam planning. Proton radiography can be used as a pre-treatment instrument to verify integrated stopping power consistency with the treatment planning CT. Although a proton radiograph is a pixel by pixel representation of integrated stopping powers, the image may also be of high enough quality and contrast to be used for patient alignment. This investigation qualifies the accuracy and image quality of a prototype proton radiography system on a clinical proton delivery system. We have developed a clinical prototype proton radiography system designed for integration into efficient clinical workflows. We tested the images obtained by this system for water-equivalent thickness (WET) accuracy, image noise, and spatial resolution. We evaluated the WET accuracy by comparing the average WET and rms error in several regions of interest (ROI) on a proton radiograph of a custom peg phantom. We measured the spatial resolution on a CATPHAN Line Pair phantom and a custom edge phantom by measuring the 10% value of the modulation transfer function (MTF). In addition, we tested the ability to detect proton range errors due to anatomical changes in a patient with a customized CIRS pediatric head phantom and inserts of varying WET placed in the posterior fossae of the brain. We took proton radiographs of the phantom with each insert in place and created difference maps between the resulting images. Integrated proton range was measured from an ROI in the difference maps.
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