arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2009.01844astro-ph.GA
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用分辨星映射电离光子逃逸分数:NGC 4214的更高逃逸分数

Mapping the Escape Fraction of Ionizing Photons Using Resolved Stars: A Much Higher Escape Fraction for NGC 4214

Yumi Choi, Julianne J. Dalcanton, Benjamin F. Williams, Evan D. Skillman, Morgan Fouesneau, Karl D. Gordon, Karin M. Sandstrom, Daniel R. Weisz, Karoline M. Gilbert

摘要:

我们展示了一种新的方法来测量逃逸分数的电离光子使用哈勃太空望远镜成像的解决恒星在NGC 4214,本地模拟高红移星爆星系,被认为是负责宇宙再电离。具体来说,我们通过$\sim$ 83,000个解析恒星的近红外光谱能量分布对UV进行了前向建模,以推断它们各自的电离通量输出。我们通过比较恒星产生的电离光子数与被尘埃吸收或在单个恒星形成区域电离周围中性氢消耗的电离光子数来限制局部逃逸分数。我们发现逃逸分数(0-40%)的空间变化很大。对整个星系进行积分,得到的全球逃逸分数为25%(+16%/-15%)。这个数值比之前报道的该星系逃逸分数为零的数值要高得多。我们讨论了这种明显的张力的来源,并证明了视角和3D ISM几何效应的原因。如果我们假设NGC 4214没有内部尘埃,就像许多高红移星系一样,我们发现逃逸分数为59%(NGC 4214的上限)。这是第一个非零逃逸分数测量的UV-微弱(M $_{\rm FUV}$ = -15.9)星系在任何红移,并支持的想法,星暴UV-微弱的矮星系可以提供足够的电离光子的星系际介质。

英文摘要:

We demonstrate a new method for measuring the escape fraction of ionizing photons using Hubble Space Telescope imaging of resolved stars in NGC 4214, a local analog of high-redshift starburst galaxies that are thought to be responsible for cosmic reionization. Specifically, we forward model the UV through near-IR spectral energy distributions of $\sim$83,000 resolved stars to infer their individual ionizing flux outputs. We constrain the local escape fraction by comparing the number of ionizing photons produced by stars to the number that are either absorbed by dust or consumed by ionizing the surrounding neutral hydrogen in individual star-forming regions. We find substantial spatial variation in the escape fraction (0-40%). Integrating over the entire galaxy yields a global escape fraction of 25% (+16%/-15%). This value is much higher than previous escape fractions of zero reported for this galaxy. We discuss sources of this apparent tension, and demonstrate that the viewing angle and the 3D ISM geometric effects are the cause. If we assume the NGC 4214 has no internal dust, like many high-redshift galaxies, we find an escape fraction of 59% (an upper-limit for NGC 4214). This is the first non-zero escape fraction measurement for UV-faint (M$_{\rm FUV}$ = -15.9) galaxies at any redshift, and supports the idea that starburst UV-faint dwarf galaxies can provide a sufficient amount of ionizing photons to the intergalactic medium.

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