从地球观测偏振宇宙微波背景：LSPE/STRIP仪器的扫描策略和偏振计测试
Observing the polarized cosmic microwave background from the Earth: scanning strategy and polarimeters test for the LSPE/STRIP instrument
摘要：
在CMB偏振模式中检测大角度尺度上的B模偏振各向异性是现代观测宇宙学的主要挑战之一，因为它将为我们提供支持暴胀范式的重要证据，并将揭示非常早期宇宙的物理学。多频观测需要从我们银河系辐射过程产生的漫射偏振前景中分离出非常微弱的CMB信号。“大尺度偏振探测器”（LSPE）是一项旨在限制张量模和标量模振幅之间的比率并研究银河系偏振发射的实验。LSPE由两个仪器组成：SWIPE，一个在140，210和240 GHz下运行的平流层气球，将在2021年的极夜期间在北半球飞行两周，以及STRIP，一个地面望远镜，将于2021年初开始从特内里费岛的“Observatorio del Teide”获取数据，以43 GHz和95 GHz观测天空。在我的论文中，我展示了2017年9月至2018年7月在米兰比可卡大学对STRIP探测器进行的单元级测试活动的结果，并介绍了我开发的代码和我为研究STRIP扫描策略而进行的模拟。在单元级测试中，对68台偏振计进行了800多次测试，以选择在中心频率、带宽、噪声温度、白噪声水平、斜率和拐点频率方面性能最好的55台偏振计。STRIP扫描策略的基础是以恒定仰角围绕方位轴旋转望远镜，以便重叠SWIPE覆盖范围，保持1°每天空像素1.6 μK（平均）的灵敏度。为了校准和研究的目的，将定期观察各个来源。
英文摘要：
Detecting B-mode polarization anisotropies on large angular scales in the CMB polarization pattern is one of the major challenges in modern observational cosmology since it would give us an important evidence in favor of the inflationary paradigm and would shed light on the physics of the very early Universe. Multi-frequency observations are required to disentangle the very weak CMB signal from diffuse polarized foregrounds originating by radiative processes in our galaxy. The "Large Scale Polarization Explorer" (LSPE) is an experiment that aims to constrain the ratio between the amplitudes of tensor and scalar modes and to study the polarized emission of the Milky Way. LSPE is composed of two instruments: SWIPE, a stratospheric balloon operating at 140, 210 and 240 GHz that will fly for two weeks in the Northern Hemisphere during the polar night of 2021, and STRIP, a ground-based telescope that will start to take data in early 2021 from the "Observatorio del Teide" in Tenerife observing the sky at 43 GHz and 95 GHz. In my thesis, I show the results of the unit-level tests campaign on the STRIP detectors that took place at "Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca" from September 2017 to July 2018, and I present the code I developed and the simulations I performed to study the STRIP scanning strategy. During the unit-level tests, more than 800 tests on 68 polarimeters have been performed in order to select the 55 with the best performance in terms of central frequencies, bandwidths, noise temperatures, white noise levels, slopes and knee frequencies. The STRIP scanning strategy is based on spinning the telescope around the azimuth axis with constant elevation in order to overlap the SWIPE coverage maintaining a sensitivity of 1.6 μK (on average) per sky pixels of 1°. Individual sources will be periodically observed both for calibration and study purposes.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
