分叉阈值以下光子计数的普适性
Universality of photon counting below a bifurcation threshold
摘要：
在分岔点，参数的微小变化会引起系统的质变。量子涨落消除了这种突然的跃迁，使量子化能量（我们称之为光子）的发射低于经典的分叉阈值。在分叉点附近，光子计数统计由不稳定性决定。基于Martin-Siggia-Rose作用的普适性，我们提出了一种通用的方法来推导出光子计数的特征函数，该特征函数接近于一个只依赖于动力学和分岔类型的分岔阈值.我们提供了明确的表达式的尖点突变没有守恒律。此外，我们提出了一个实验装置，使用驱动约瑟夫森结，表现出折叠和干草叉分叉行为接近尖点灾难。
英文摘要：
At a bifurcation point, a small change of a parameter causes a qualitative change in the system. Quantum fluctuations wash out this abrupt transition and enable the emission of quantized energy, which we term photons, below the classical bifurcation threshold. Close to the bifurcation point, the resulting photon counting statistics is determined by the instability. We propose a generic method to derive a characteristic function of photon counting close to a bifurcation threshold that only depends on the dynamics and the type of bifurcation, based on the universality of the Martin-Siggia-Rose action. We provide explicit expressions for the cusp catastrophe without conservation laws. Moreover, we propose an experimental setup using driven Josephson junctions that exhibits both a fold and a pitchfork bifurcation behavior close to a cusp catastrophe.
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