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arXiv 2008.09893cond-mat.soft
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振动对恢复系数的影响

Vibrational Effects on the Coefficient of Restitution

Satyanu Bhadra, Shankar Ghosh

摘要:

一个球从一个给定的高度落在一个表面上,在静止之前会反复反弹。一个球在厚盘子上弹跳的行为与一个球从容器的薄盖子上弹跳的行为非常不同。对于一个厚度固定的板,一个在板边缘反弹的球与从板中间反弹的球会有很大的不同。本文研究了钢球撞击不同厚度钢板的恢复系数$ε$。我们观察当球反复弹跳并最终静止时,$ε$是如何变化的。一般来说,$ε< 1$由于球的动能的耗散而进入板内。然而,这种耗散的能量可以在以后的反弹中重新回到球中。我们看到超弹性碰撞($ε> 1$)的出现,这意味着球由于与板块的碰撞而获得了动能。我们可以通过在球上加一个弹簧来增加这种超弹性碰撞(P $_{SE}$)的概率。我们构建了一个简单的理论模型,其中从以前的碰撞中损失的能量被转移回以后的碰撞中。该模型能够模拟这种超弹性碰撞的发生。

英文摘要:

A ball dropped from a given height onto a surface, will bounce repeatedly before coming to rest. A ball bouncing on a thick plate will behave very differently than a ball bouncing off the thin lid of a container. For a plate with a fixed thickness, a ball bouncing at the edge of a plate will be very different from the ball bouncing off the middle of the plate. We study the coefficient of restitution $ε$ for a steel ball bouncing steel plates of various thicknesses. We observe how $ε$ changes as the ball repeated bounces and finally comes to rest. Generally, $ε< 1$ due to the dissipation of kinetic energy of the ball into the plate. However this dissipated energy can come back into ball in its later bounces. We see the emergence of super-elastic collisions ($ε> 1$), implying that the ball gained Kinetic Energy due to the collision with the plate. We can increase the probability of such super-elastic collisions (P$_{SE}$) by adding a spring to the ball. We construct a simple theoretical model where the energy lost from previous collisions are transferred back into later ones. This model is able to simulate the occurrence of such super-elastic collisions.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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