Comment on "Hiding the Cosmological Constant"

Midisuperspace foam and the cosmological constant

Wheeler's conjectured "spacetime foam" -- large quantum fluctuations of spacetime at the Planck scale -- could have important implications for quantum gravity, perhaps even explaining why the cosmological constant seems so small. Here I explore this problem in a midisuperspace model consisting of metrics with local spherical symmetry. Classically, an infinite class of ``foamy'' initial data can be constructed, in which cancellations between expanding and contracting regions lead to a small average expansion even if $Λ$ is large. Quantum mechanically, the model admits corresponding stationary s…

Unimodular relativity and cosmological constant : Comments

We show that the conclusion that matter stress-energy tensor satisfies the usual covariant continuity law, and the cosmological constant is still a constant of integration arrived at by Finkelstein et al (42, 340, 2001) is not valid.

How the cosmological constant is hidden by Planck scale curvature fluctuations

It is argued in a recent letter Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 131302(2019) that the effect of a large cosmological constant can be naturally hidden in Planck scale curvature fluctuations. We point out that there are problems with the author's arguments. The hiding of the cosmological constant proposed in the letter by choosing a suitable lapse function is just an illusion maintained by external forces. In particular, it can not be achieved if the cosmological constant is positive. Fortunately, it works for a negative cosmological constant in a different way, and, interestingly, the sign of the cosmolo…

Comment on: "Possible Relation between the Cosmological Constant and Standard Model Parameters"

It has recently been proposed [M. P. Hertzberg and A. Loeb, arXiv:2302.09090] that the observed value of the cosmological constant can be related to the physical parameters of the Standard Model. In the present compact note we point out that the derivation of the claimed cosmological-constant-standard-model relation presented in \cite{HL} is, unfortunately, erroneous.

Comment on: Cosmological black holes are not described by the Thakurta metric

Recently, Hütsi et al.[arXiv:2105.09328] critiqued our work that reconsidered the mathematical description of cosmological black holes. In this short comment, we highlight some of the conceptual issues with this criticism in relation to the interpretation of the quasi-local Misner-Sharp mass, and the fact that our description of cosmological black holes does not impose any assumptions about matter accretion.

Comment on ``Singularity-free Cosmological Solutions with Non-rotating Perfect Fluids''

A theorem stated by Raychaudhuri which claims that the only physical non-singular cosmological models are comprised in the Ruiz-Senovilla family is shown to be incorrect. An explicit counterexample is provided and the failure of the argument leading to the theorem is explicitly pointed out.

Comment on Brans-Dicke Scalar Field Cosmological Model in Lyra's Geometry

In the present study, we comment on Brans-Dicke scalar field cosmological model in Lyra's geometry [Maurya \& Zia, Phys. Rev. D \textbf{100}, 023503 (2019)]. In this comment, we investigate that there is no acceleration in the model proposed by the authors of Phys. Rev. D \textbf{100}, 023503 (2019). Therefore, despite the claims to the contrary the Brans-Dicke Scalar Field Cosmological Model in Lyra's Geometry with high Brans-Dicke (BD) coupling parameter $ω$ and constant $β$ can not produce late time acceleration in the universe.

Comment on "Accelerating cosmological expansion from shear and bulk viscosity"

In a recent Letter [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 091301 (2105)] the cause of the acceleration of the present Universe has been identified with the shear viscosity of an imperfect relativistic fluid even in the absence of any bulk viscous contribution. The gist of this comment is that the shear viscosity, if anything, can only lead to an accelerated expansion over sufficiently small scales well inside the Hubble radius.

Comment on Singularity-free Cosmological Solutions with Non-rotating Perfect Fluids

A conjecture stated by Raychaudhuri which claims that the only physical perfect fluid non-rotating non-singular cosmological models are comprised in the Ruiz-Senovilla and Fernandez-Jambrina families is shown to be incorrect. An explicit counterexample is provided and the failure of the argument leading to the result is explicitly pointed out.

Reply to `Comment on ``The influence of cosmological transitions on the evolution of density perturbations'' '

We reply to L.P. Grishchuk's comment (gr-qc/9801011) on our paper ``The Influence of Cosmological Transitions on the Evolution of Density Perturbations'' (Phys. Rev. D 57, 3302, 1998). We show that his points of criticism are not correct.

Does the cosmological constant stay hidden?

We elaborate on the proposal of [Phys. Rev. Lett. 123 (2019) 13, 131302], about the possibility of hiding the cosmological constant in the complicated topology that one expects to exist at the Planck scale. We build a differential equation ruling the time evolution of $\langle K\rangle$, the spatial average of the expansion scalar. Supposing that the solution $\langle K\rangle = 0$ exists despite the presence of a large cosmological constant $Λ$, we show that such solution seems to be unstable.

Comment about quasi-isotropic solution of Einstein equations near cosmological singularity

We generalize for the case of arbitrary hydrodynamical matter the quasi-isotropic solution of Einstein equations near cosmological singularity, found by Lifshitz and Khalatnikov in 1960 for the case of radiation-dominated universe. It is shown that this solution always exists, but dependence of terms in the quasi-isotropic expansion acquires a more complicated form.

Brief comments on Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity coupled to Liouville theory

Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity with non-vanishing cosmological constant coupled to Liouville theory is considered as a non-critical string on $d$ dimensional flat spacetime. It is discussed how the presence of cosmological constant yields additional constraints on the parameter space of the theory, even when the conformal anomaly is independent of the cosmological constant. Such constraints agree with the necessary conditions for the tachyon field to be a primary --prelogarithmic-- operator of the worldsheet conformal field theory. Thus, the linearized tachyon field equation allows to impose the di…

中度超时空泡沫与宇宙学常数

Midisuperspacetime foam and the cosmological constant

针对标准量子场论预言的大宇宙学常数与观测不符的问题，本文通过球对称midisuperspace模型研究普朗克尺度非均匀宇宙的量子演化，发现波函数可长期困在平均膨胀率极小的区域，从而解释大宇宙学常数为何未被观测到。

Reply to "Comment on: Cosmological black holes are not described by the Thakurta metric"

In this reply, we address the comment [arXiv:2105.14908] to our recent paper [arXiv:2105.09328], where we argued that the Thakurta metric does not describe cosmological black holes. We clarify that the mass growth of Thakurta black holes is due to an influx of energy (i.e. accretion), which, by definition, is not a feature of geometry. The conclusions of [arXiv:2105.09328] are independent of the interpretation of this energy flux. We show that the average energy density of primordial Thakurta black holes scales as $a^{-2}$ and requires an unrealistic and fine-tuned energy transfer from a smoot…

Comment on the paper of Leonard Parker and Yang Zhang ``Cosmological perturbations of a relativistic condensate''

In a recent paper, Parker and Zhang [1] consider cosmological perturbations that can be possibly produced in the early Universe. This is an interesting problem having important observational implications. The paper of Parker and Zhang is transparent and honest, in the sense that the authors clearly identify what they derive and what they use from the previous literature. The final numerical estimates of the paper~[1] rely entirely on a formula which the authors take from the inflationary literature. This formula, see Eqs.~(22), (43), relates the amplitude of perturbations today with the amplit…

Comment on "Torsion Cosmology and Accelerating Universe"

Cosmological solutions for homogeneous isotropic models in the framework of the Poincaré gauge theory of gravity based on gravitational Lagrangian adopted in the paper by Kun-Feng Shie, James M. Nester and Hwei-Jang Yo (Phys. Rev. D \textbf{78}, 023522 (2008)) are discussed. Cosmological solutions for accelerating Universe obtained in referred paper are compared with corresponding solutions of standard $ΛCDM$-model and also with cosmological solution obtained by authors of this Comment.

Comment on perihelion advance due to cosmological constant

We comment on the recent paper "Note on the perihelion/periastron advance due to cosmological constant" by H. Arakida (Int. J. Theor. Phys. 52 (2013) 1408-1414, arXiv:1212.6289) and provide simple derivations both of the main result of this paper and of the Adkins-McDonnell's precession formula, on which this main result is based.

Comments on the Quantum Potential Approach to a Class of Quantum Cosmological Models

In this comment we bring attention to the fact that when we apply the ontological interpretation of quantum mechanics, we must be sure to use it in the coordinate representation. This is particularly important when canonical tranformations that mix momenta and coordinates are present. This implies that some of the results obtained by A. Błaut and J. Kowalski-Glikman are incorrect.

Comments on the cosmological constant in generalized uncertainty models

The existence of a small, non-zero cosmological constant is one of the major puzzles in fundamental physics. Naively, quantum field theory arguments would imply a cosmological constant which is up to 10$^{120}$ times larger than the observed one. It is believed a comprehensive theory of quantum gravity would resolve this enormous mismatch between theory and observation. In this work, we study the ability of generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) models, which are phenomenologically motivated models of quantum gravity, to address the cosmological constant problem. In particular, we focus on ho…

对《电磁场中的新旋转黑洞：无宇宙学常数的宇宙学视界》的评论

Comment on the "New Rotating Black Hole in Electromagnetic Fields: Cosmological Horizon without Cosmological Constant''

指出L. Ma和H. Lü提出的新时空背景实际上属于电真空Kundt D型时空的特例，并给出显式坐标变换。

The "Swiss cheese" cosmological model has no extrinsic curvature discontinuity: A comment on the paper by G.A. Baker, Jr. (astro-ph/0003152)

Contrary to a claim, the Schwarzschild solution insertion in an expanding universe model, the so called "Swiss cheese" model, does not possess an extrinsic curvature discontinuity. We show that both the intrinsic metric and the extrinsic curvature are continuous, and point out the error that led to the claim.

对包含扩散的宇宙学约束的评论（arXiv:2211.07424）：热力学上不可接受的H0张力解决机制

Comment on Cosmological constraints on unimodular gravity models with diffusion (arXiv:2211.07424): thermodynamic inadmissibility of the H0 tension resolution mechanism

该文指出，基于扩散的UG模型无法满足热力学第二定律，证明了其无法同时满足第二定律和产生正的有效宇宙学常数项，从而无法缓解H0张力。

Comment to ``Quantization of FRW spacetimes in the presence of a cosmological constant and radiation''

The quantization of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker spacetime in the presence of a negative cosmological constant was used in a recent paper to conclude that there are solutions that avoid singularities (big bang--big crunch) at the quantum level. We show that a proper study of their model{\sl does not prevent} the occurrence of singularities at the quantum level, in fact the quantum probability of such event is larger than the classical one. Our numerical simulations based on the powerful variational sinc collocation method (VSCM) also show that the precision of the results of that paper is mu…

评论“黑洞宇宙学耦合的观测证据及其对暗能量天体物理来源的启示”

Comment on "Observational Evidence for Cosmological Coupling of Black Holes and its Implications for an Astrophysical Source of Dark Energy"

本文批评了黑洞驱动宇宙加速膨胀的观点，指出其混淆了最小作用量原理，从而否定了黑洞作为暗能量来源的论证。

对“Thakurta时空的表观视界与宇宙学黑洞的描述”的评论

Comment on "Apparent horizons of the Thakurta spacetime and the description of cosmological black holes"

本文指出关于Thakurta时空表观视界的最新研究与先前Phys. Rev. D 95, 084031 (2017)存在偏离，澄清该不一致性源于采用了覆盖奇点之外不可达时空区域的坐标变换，并提供了区分不同视界与时空区域的具体示例。

Comments on wormholes, ensembles, and cosmology

Certain closed-universe big-bang/big-crunch cosmological spacetimes may be obtained by analytic continuation from asymptotically AdS Euclidean wormholes, as emphasized by Maldacena and Maoz. We investigate how these Euclidean wormhole spacetimes and their associated cosmological physics might be described within the context of AdS/CFT. We point out that a holographic model for cosmology proposed recently in arXiv:1810.10601 can be understood as a specific example of this picture. Based on this example, we suggest key features that should be present in more general examples of this approach to …

关于 $d$ 维时空 $λϕ^4$ 理论中宇宙学常数的评论

Comment on the cosmological constant for $λϕ^4$ theory in $d$ spacetime dimensions

本文研究 $d$ 维 $λϕ^4$ 理论的宇宙学常数，通过鞍点近似获得 sinh-Gordon 弱耦合极限的精确结果，证明其可正可负且满足 Callan-Symanzik 方程，正宇宙学常数可由负耦合产生并流向零。

Comment on "Cosmological inviability of $f(R,T)$ gravity"

The recent article entitled "Cosmological inviability of $f(R,T)$ gravity" [Phys. Rev. D 95 (2017) 123536], by H. Velten and T.R.P. Caramês, claims that the reference "A transition from a decelerated to an accelerated phase of the universe expansion from the simplest non-trivial polynomial function of T in the f(R,T) formalism" by P.H.R.S. Moraes, G. Ribeiro and R.A.C. Correa [Astrophys. Space Sci. 361 (2016) 227] has "problematic points" concerning its mathematical approach and observable consequences. Velten and Caramês argue that the equation of the scale factor evolution in time in the $f(…

Reply to Comment [arXiv:1707.00747] by P. H. R. S. Moraes, R. A. C. Correa and G. Ribeiro on "Cosmological inviability of $f(R,T)$ gravity" [H. Velten and Thiago R. P. Caramês, Phys. Rev. D 95 (2017) 123536, arXiv:1702.07710]

In this Reply we reassert the failure of the model $f(R,T)=R+αT+ βT^2$ in providing a transition from deceleration to an accelerated stage as we have pointed out in [H. Velten and Thiago R. P. Caramês, Phys. Rev. D 95 (2017) 123536]. We remark that the such a Comment is essentially based on a typo which clearly does not propagate to the rest of the equations and then does not affect our conclusions. Besides, the authors mentioned an equation for the evolution of the scale factor, already previously used in [P.H.R.S. Moraes, G. Ribeiro and R.A.C. Correa, Astrophys. Space Sci. {\bf 361} 227, (20…

Comment on "An axially symmetric spacetime with causality violation [Phys. Scr. 96 (07), 075208 (2021)], arXiv:2004.13769[gr-qc]"

Recently, an axially symmetric spacetime with causality violation is appeared in Ref. [1]. There, author presented a type III metric with vanishing expansion, shear and twist. The matter-energy represents a pure radial field with a negative cosmological constant. The spacetime is asymptotically anti-de Sitter space in the radial direction. Actually, this work with different for the metric was already published in Ref. [4]. Therefore, the current paper Ref. [1] is a duplicate one of the previous work.

Comment on Asymptotically Safe Inflation

We comment on Weinberg's interesting analysis of asymptotically safe inflation (arXiv:0911.3165). We find that even if the gravity theory exhibits an ultraviolet fixed point, the energy scale during inflation is way too low to drive the theory close to the fixed point value. We choose the specific renormalization groupflow away from the fixed point towards the infrared region that reproduces the Newton's constant and today's cosmological constant. We follow this RG flow path to scales below the Planck scale to study the stability of the inflationary scenario. Again, we find that some fine tuni…

Comment on the cosmological constant and a gravitational alpha

We call attention to a simple analogy between atomic physics and cosmology. Both have two characteristic length scales. In atomic physics the lengths are the Compton wavelength of the electron and the Bohr radius; the ratio of these two lengths is the fine structure constant, $α=7.30\times10^{-3}$. In cosmology we take the lengths to be the Planck length and the de Sitter radius divided by $\sqrt 3$; the ratio of these two lengths is about $α_g=1.91\times10^{-61}$, which we suggest should be called the gravitational fine structure constant. There is also a basic energy ratio in atomic physics,…

论牛顿常数与宇宙学常数的 RG 流

On the RG flow of the Newton and cosmological constant

本文针对近期文献对牛顿常数与宇宙学常数 RG 流研究的质疑作出回应，论证相关批评存在严重缺陷、不能成立。

Hidden Variables of Gravity and Geometry and the Cosmological Constant Problem

We extend General Relativity by promoting Planck scale and the cosmological constant into integration constants, interpreted as fluxes of $4$-forms hiding in the theory. When we include the charges of the $4$-forms, these `constants' can vary discretely from region to region. We explain how the cosmological constant problem can be solved in this new framework. When the cosmological constant picks up contributions from two different $4$-forms, with an irrational ratio of charges, the spectrum of its values is a very fine discretuum. When the charges are mutually irrational, $\frac{2κ_{\tt eff}^…

Comment on: "How the huge energy of quantum vacuum gravitates to drive the slow accelerating expansion of the Universe"

In a recent paper (Phys. Rev. D95, 103504 (2017)) it is argued that, due to the fluctuations around its mean value, vacuum energy gravitates differently from what previously assumed. As a consequence, the universe would accelerate with a small Hubble expansion rate, solving the cosmological constant and dark energy problems. We point out here that the results depend on the type of cutoff used to evaluate the vacuum energy. In particular, they are not valid when one uses a covariant cutoff such that the zero point energy density is positive definite.

Reply to "A Comment on Singularities in Quantum Cosmology"

We argue that the reasonings that underlie a recent comment by Gotay and Demaret [1, gr-qc/9605025] are defective. We maintain that, contrary to what they assert, our previous papers [2,3,4] are correct and indeed disprove their conjecture that quantum cosmological singularities are predetermined on the classical level by the choice of time.

The Cosmological Constant in Distorted Quantum Cosmology

We give a calculation scheme for the cosmological constant computation with the help of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. This last one is regarded as a Sturm-Liouville problem with the cosmological constant considered as the associated eigenvalue. By fixing the ideas on a Friedmann-Lema\^ıtre-Robertson-Walker line element in ordinary gravity, we apply this calculation scheme on distorted gravity. By distorted gravity, we mean all the deviations from General Relativity. We restrict our proposal on Gravity's Rainbow and Noncommutative geometry. A brief comment on Hořava-Lifshitz (HL) theory is discu…

Comment on Ricci dark energy in Chern-Simons modified gravity

We revisit Ricci dark energy in Chern-Simons modified gravity. As far as the cosmological evolution, this is nothing but the Ricci dark energy with a minimally coupled scalar without potential which means that the role of Chern-Simons term is suppressed. Using the equation of state parameter, this model is similar to the modified Chaplygin gas model only when two are around the de Sitter universe deriving by the cosmological constant in the future. However, two past evolutions are different.

On Deformed Phase Space and $Λ$

In this letter we study the effects of a noncommutative in the phase space of an empty (4+1) Kaluza-Klein universe with cosmological constant. We analyze the effects of the noncommutative deformations on the cosmological constant. Finally we comment on the possibility that the origin of the cosmological constant in this model, is related to the noncommutativity between the 4 dimensional scale factor and the compact extra dimension.

More on Weinberg's No Go Theorem in Quantum Gravity

We complement Weinberg's no go theorem on the cosmological constant problem in quantum gravity by generalizing it to the case of a scale-invariant theory. Our analysis makes use of the effective action and the BRST symmetry in a manifestly covariant quantum gravity instead of the classical Lagrangian density and the $GL(4)$ symmetry in classical gravity. In this sense, our proof is very general since it does not depend on details of quantum gravity and holds true for general gravitational theories which are invariant under diffeomorphisms. As an application of our theorem, we comment on an ide…

A Comment on "Brans-Dicke Cosmology with a scalar field potential"

We show that a recent letter claiming to present exact cosmological solutions in Brans-Dicke theory actually uses a flawed set of equations as the starting point for their analysis. The results presented in the letter are therefore not valid.

Holographic computation of quantum corrections to the bulk cosmological constant

We explore the program of the construction of the dual bulk theory in the flow equation approach. We compute the vacuum expectation value of the Einstein operator at the next to leading order in the 1/n expansion using a free O(n) vector model. We interpret the next to leading correction as the quantum correction to the cosmological constant of the AdS space. We finally comment on how to generalize this computation to matrix elements of the Einstein operator for excited states.

On IR solutions in Horava gravity theories

In this note we search for large distance solutions of Horava gravity. In the case of the "detailed balance" action, gravity solutions asymptote to IR only above the cosmological constant ($\sim$horizon) scale. However, if one adds IR dominant terms $αR^{(3)}+βΛ_W$, one can recover general relativity solutions on usual scales in the real Universe, provided one fine-tunes the cosmological constant, reobtaining the usual cosmological constant problem. We comment on pp wave solutions, in order to gain insight into the relativistic properties of the theory.

Comments on "Derivation of the Raychaudhuri Equation" by Dadhich

In a recent preprint, gr-qc/0511123, Dadhich has given a brief yet beautiful exposition on some of the research works by Prof. A.K. Raychaudhuri. Here Dadhich highlights the fact that the apparently ``self-evident'' assumption of occurrence of ``trapped surfaces'' may not be realized atleast in some specific cosmological models though no general proof for non-occurrence of trapped surfaces exists in the cosmological context. However, Dadhich added, without sufficient justification, that trapped surfaces should occur for collapse of isolated bodies. We point out that actually trapped surfaces d…

Comment on the "Influence of Cosmological Transitions on the Evolution of Density Perturbations"

A recent paper by Martin and Schwarz [1] argues that the ``standard inflationary result" has been finally proven. The result itself is formulated as: ``the closer the inflationary epoch is to the de Sitter space-time, the less important are large-scale gravitational waves in the CMBR today". Beginning from the basic equations of Grishchuk [2, 3] the authors say [1] that Grishchuk's conclusion about approximate equality of metric amplitudes for gravitational waves and density perturbations ``is wrong because the time evolution of the scalar metric perturbation through the (smooth) reheating tra…

Codimension Two Compactifications and the Cosmological Constant Problem

We consider solutions of six dimensional Einstein equations with two compact dimensions. It is shown that one can introduce 3-branes in this background in such a way that the effective four dimensional cosmological constant is completely independent of the brane tensions. These tensions are completely arbitrary, without requiring any fine tuning. We must, however, fine tune bulk parameters in order to obtain a sufficiently small value for the observable cosmological constant. We comment in the effective four dimensional description of this effect at energies below the compactification scale.

Comment on "Cosmic Microwave Background Constraints Cast a Shadow On Continuous Spontaneous Localization Models"

In a recent paper [J. Martin and V. Vennin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 080402 (2020)] it was argued that, for most natural choices, the direct application of the continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) theory to the inflationary case, as it is known to work in non-relativistic laboratory situations, is ruled out by cosmological observational data, thus casting a shadow on models based on CSL theory. We point out that such results are based on the consideration of a rather narrow set of choices for the application of the theory to the cosmological context and that the landscape of open and differe…

Comments on gauge-invariance in cosmology

We revisit the gauge issue in cosmological perturbation theory, and highlight its relation to the notion of covariance in general relativity. We also discuss the similarities and differences of the covariant approach in perturbation theory to the Bardeen or metric approach in a non-technical fashion.

Williams et al. Reply (to the Comment by Dumin on "Progress in Lunar Laser Ranging Tests of Relativistic Gravity")

A decreasing gravitational constant, G, coupled with angular momentum conservation is expected to increrase a planetary semimajor axis, a, as \dot a/a=-\dot G/G. Analysis of lunar laser ranging data strongly limits such temporal variations and constrains a local (~1 AU) scale expansion of the solar system as \dot a/a=-\dot G/G =-(4\pm9)\times10^{-13} yr^{-1}, including that due to cosmological effects.

Cosmological Constant or Cosmological Potential

In the framework of a model of minimal of dilatonic gravity (MDG) with cosmological potential we consider: the relations of MDG with nonlinear gravity and string theory; natural cosmological units, defined by cosmological constant; the properties of cosmological factor, derived from solar system and Earth-surface gravitational experiments; universal anty-gravitational interactions, induced by positive cosmological constant and by Nordtved effect; a new formulation of cosmological constant problem using the ratio of introduced cosmological action and Planck constant $\sim 10 ^{122}$;qualitative…

Newton-Hooke spacetimes, Hpp-waves and the cosmological constant

We show explicitly how the Newton-Hooke groups act as symmetries of the equations of motion of non-relativistic cosmological models with a cosmological constant. We give the action on the associated non-relativistic spacetimes and show how these may be obtained from a null reduction of 5-dimensional homogeneous pp-wave Lorentzian spacetimes. This allows us to realize the Newton-Hooke groups and their Bargmann type central extensions as subgroups of the isometry groups of the pp-wave spacetimes. The extended Schrodinger type conformal group is identified and its action on the equations of motio…

Comment on "Dimension of the Moduli Space and Hamiltonian Analysis of BF Field Theories"

The purpose of this Comment is to point out that the results presented in the appendix of M. Mondragon and M. Montesinos, J. Math. Phys. 47, 022301 (2006) provides a generic method so as to deal with cases as those of Section 6 of R. Cartas-Fuentevilla, A. Escalante-Hernández, and J. Berra-Montiel, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 26, 3013 (2011). The results already reported are: the canonical analysis, the transformations generated by the constraints, and the analysis of the reducibility of the constraints for SO(3,1) and SO(4) four-dimensional BF theory coupled or not to a cosmological constant. But su…

Comments on the Quantum Vacuum and the Light Acceleration

The recent observations on the far quasars absorption lines spectra and comparison of these lines with laboratory ones provide a framework for explantation of these observations by considering a varying fine structure constant, over the cosmological time-scale. Also, there seems to be an anomalous acceleration in the Pioneer spacecraft 10/11 about $ 10^{-10} {\rm m}/{\rm s^2}$. These matters lead Ranada to study the quantum vacuum to explain these problems by introducing a phenomenological model for the variation of $α$. In this manuscript we want to show that this model is not a quantum model…