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arXiv 2008.08599astro-ph.SRastro-ph.HE
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前超新星演化、致密天体质量和剥离双星的爆炸性质

Pre-supernova evolution, compact object masses and explosion properties of stripped binary stars

F. R. N. Schneider, Ph. Podsiadlowski, B. Müller

摘要:

大多数大质量恒星诞生于双星系统或更高阶的多重系统中,并在其一生中与伴星交换质量。特别是,大部分致密天体合并的祖先,以及银河系中子星(NS)和黑洞(BH)已经被双星伴星剥离了它们的外壳。本文利用恒星演化程序MESA研究了单颗双星和剥离双星到核坍缩的演化过程,并利用参数超新星模型研究了它们的最终命运。我们发现,剥离双星可以有系统不同的前SN结构相比,真正的单星,因此也不同的SN结果。这些差异的基础在核心氦燃烧结束时就已经建立起来,并一直保持到核心坍缩。我们发现一个非单调的模式NS和BH的形成作为CO核心质量的函数,这是不同的单一和剥离双星。就初始质量而言,大于35 Msun的单颗恒星都形成BH,而这种转变仅在70 Msun的剥离恒星中发生。平均而言,剥离的恒星产生较低的NS和BH质量,较高的爆炸能量,较高的反冲速度和较高的镍产额。在一个简化的人口合成模型,我们表明,我们的研究结果导致一个显着减少的速率BH-NS和BH-BH合并相对于NS和BH形成的典型假设。因此,我们预测此类合并事件的检出率较低,例如,比通常认为的更先进的LIGO我们进一步展示了如何在NS-BH质量分布的单一和剥离的明星的啁啾质量分布的紧凑的对象合并的功能。我们的研究结果的进一步影响进行了讨论失踪的红超巨星问题,可能的质量差距之间的NS和BH,X射线双星和观测推断的镍质量从Ib/c型和IIP SNE。[删节]

英文摘要:

Most massive stars are born in binary or higher-order multiple systems and exchange mass with a companion during their lives. In particular, the progenitors of a large fraction of compact object mergers, and Galactic neutron stars (NSs) and black holes (BHs) have been stripped off their envelopes by a binary companion. Here, we study the evolution of single and stripped binary stars up to core collapse with the stellar evolution code MESA and their final fates with a parametric supernova (SN) model. We find that stripped binary stars can have systematically different pre-SN structures compared to genuine single stars and thus also different SN outcomes. The bases of these differences are already established by the end of core helium burning and are preserved up to core collapse. We find a non-monotonic pattern of NS and BH formation as a function of CO core mass that is different in single and stripped binary stars. In terms of initial masses, single stars of >35 Msun all form BHs, while this transition is only at 70 Msun in stripped stars. On average, stripped stars give rise to lower NS and BH masses, higher explosion energies, higher kick velocities and higher nickel yields. Within a simplified population synthesis model, we show that our results lead to a significant reduction of the rates of BH-NS and BH-BH mergers with respect to typical assumptions made on NS and BH formation. Therefore, we predict lower detection rates of such merger events by, e.g., advanced LIGO than is often considered. We further show how features in the NS-BH mass distribution of single and stripped stars relate to the chirp-mass distribution of compact object mergers. Further implications of our findings are discussed with respect to the missing red-supergiant problem, a possible mass gap between NSs and BHs, X-ray binaries and observationally inferred nickel masses from Type Ib/c and IIP Sne. [abridged]

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