arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 2008.05381cs.CVcs.LG
收藏

通过生成式数据增强提高细粒度图像分类器的性能

Improving the Performance of Fine-Grain Image Classifiers via Generative Data Augmentation

Charles River Analytics(查尔斯河分析公司);U.S. Army CCDC C5ISR Center(美国陆军作战能力发展司令部C5ISR中心)

Shashank Manjunath, Aitzaz Nathaniel, Jeff Druce, Stan German

摘要:

机器学习(ML)和计算机视觉工具的最新进展使其在金融分析、医疗诊断甚至国防部等各种领域的应用成为可能。然而,它们在现实世界用例中的广泛实现带来了几个挑战:(1)许多应用程序是高度专业化的,因此在\emph{sparse data}域中运行;(2)ML工具对其训练集敏感,通常需要繁琐的劳动密集型数据汇集和数据标记过程;(3)机器学习工具可能是非常“黑箱”的,用户几乎无法了解决策过程或新数据如何影响预测性能。为了应对这些挑战,我们设计并开发了强大生成对抗网络(DAPPER GAN)的熟练预训练数据增强,这是一种ML分析支持工具,可以自动生成训练图像的新视图,以提高下游分类器的性能。DAPPER GAN利用StyleGAN 2模型(在LSUN汽车数据集上训练)生成的高保真嵌入,为以前看不见的类创建新的图像。我们在斯坦福汽车数据集上对这种技术进行了实验评估,证明了使用我们基于GAN的数据增强框架可以提高车辆制造和模型分类的准确性,并降低对真实数据的要求。该方法的有效性通过分析增强和非增强数据集上的分类器性能得到支持,在视觉上相似的类中,实际数据减少了30%,达到了相当或更好的准确性。为了支持这种方法,我们开发了一种新的增强方法,可以操纵语义上有意义的维度(例如,方向)。

英文摘要:

Recent advances in machine learning (ML) and computer vision tools have enabled applications in a wide variety of arenas such as financial analytics, medical diagnostics, and even within the Department of Defense. However, their widespread implementation in real-world use cases poses several challenges: (1) many applications are highly specialized, and hence operate in a \emph{sparse data} domain; (2) ML tools are sensitive to their training sets and typically require cumbersome, labor-intensive data collection and data labelling processes; and (3) ML tools can be extremely "black box," offering users little to no insight into the decision-making process or how new data might affect prediction performance. To address these challenges, we have designed and developed Data Augmentation from Proficient Pre-Training of Robust Generative Adversarial Networks (DAPPER GAN), an ML analytics support tool that automatically generates novel views of training images in order to improve downstream classifier performance. DAPPER GAN leverages high-fidelity embeddings generated by a StyleGAN2 model (trained on the LSUN cars dataset) to create novel imagery for previously unseen classes. We experimentally evaluate this technique on the Stanford Cars dataset, demonstrating improved vehicle make and model classification accuracy and reduced requirements for real data using our GAN based data augmentation framework. The method's validity was supported through an analysis of classifier performance on both augmented and non-augmented datasets, achieving comparable or better accuracy with up to 30\% less real data across visually similar classes. To support this method, we developed a novel augmentation method that can manipulate semantically meaningful dimensions (e.g., orientation) of the target object in the embedding space.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑