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arXiv 2008.01816astro-ph.GA
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z=5.7的原星系团:从MultiDark星系看

Protoclusters at z=5.7: A view from the MultiDark galaxies

Weiguang Cui, Jiaqi Qiao, Romeel Dave, Alexander Knebe, John A. Peacock, Gustavo Yepes

摘要:

原星系团在较低的红移下会产生星系团,它可以为星系团的形成提供有价值的信息。然而,在观测中识别星系团的祖先并不是一件容易的事情,特别是在高红移的情况下。不同的先验被用来估计被认为是标记原星系团位置的过密区域。在本文中,我们使用模拟的LY $α$发射星系在$z=5.7$识别原星系团的MultiDark星系,这是通过应用三种不同的半解析模型的1 $Gpc h^{-1}$ MultiDark普朗克2模拟填充。为了与观测结果进行比较,我们将标准1(Ly $α$光度限制样本)扩展到标准2(与观测到的平均星系数密度相匹配)。为了进一步统计研究这种方法的发现效率,我们在$z=5.7$将识别的原团簇样本(标准3)扩大到约3500,并研究它们最终的质量分布。过密区域的数量及其选择概率取决于半解析模型,并强烈依赖于三个选择标准(部分通过设计)。用标准1确定的原星团与典型的最终星团质量$2.82\pm0.92 \times 10^{15} M_\odot$有关,这与在$z=5.7$观测到的大质量原星团的预测(在$\pm 1 σ$内)一致。识别更多的原星系团使我们能够研究这种方法的效率,它更适合于识别最大质量的星系团:完整性($\mathbb{C}$)随着晕质量的降低而迅速下降。我们进一步发现,很难同时具有高纯度($\mathbb{P}$)和完整性。

英文摘要:

Protoclusters, which will yield galaxy clusters at lower redshift, can provide valuable information on the formation of galaxy clusters. However, identifying progenitors of galaxy clusters in observations is not an easy task, especially at high redshift. Different priors have been used to estimate the overdense regions that are thought to mark the locations of protoclusters. In this paper, we use mimicked Ly$α$-emitting galaxies at $z=5.7$ to identify protoclusters in the MultiDark galaxies, which are populated by applying three different semi-analytic models to the 1 $Gpc h^{-1}$ MultiDark Planck2 simulation. To compare with observational results, we extend the criterion 1 (a Ly$α$ luminosity limited sample), to criterion 2 (a match to the observed mean galaxy number density). To further statistically study the finding efficiency of this method, we enlarge the identified protocluster sample (criterion 3) to about 3500 at $z=5.7$ and study their final mass distribution. The number of overdense regions and their selection probability depends on the semi-analytic models and strongly on the three selection criteria (partly by design). The protoclusters identified with criterion 1 are associated with a typical final cluster mass of $2.82\pm0.92 \times 10^{15} M_\odot$ which is in agreement with the prediction (within $\pm 1 σ$) of an observed massive protocluster at $z=5.7$. Identifying more protoclusters allows us to investigate the efficiency of this method, which is more suitable for identifying the most massive clusters: completeness ($\mathbb{C}$) drops rapidly with decreasing halo mass. We further find that it is hard to have a high purity ($\mathbb{P}$) and completeness simultaneously.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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