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arXiv 2007.15842quant-phphysics.optics
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利用时间复用单光子源测量亚散粒噪声传输的方案

Scheme for sub-shot-noise transmission measurement using a time multiplexed single-photon source

Agustina G. Magnoni, Laura T. Knoll, Miguel A. Larotonda

摘要:

光学量子精密测量的一个有希望的结果是在透射或吸收测量中实现亚散粒噪声性能的能力。这是由于量子光束的光强度的不确定性相对于经典光束显着较低。在这项工作中,我们模拟的实验结果,使用多路复用的单光子源的基础上对连续自发参量下转换(SPDC),其次是时间复用设置与二进制时间分割策略,考虑几种类型的实验损失。对于这样的源,输出信号的亚泊松统计是实现亚散粒噪声性能的关键。我们比较的数值结果与两个典型的限制:散粒噪声限制(使用相干源实现)和量子限制(获得一个理想的光子数Fock状态作为输入源)。我们还研究了阈值探测器可以使用的条件,以及输入光波动对测量误差的影响。结果表明,子散粒噪声性能可以实现,即使不使用数分辨检测器,改善因子的范围从1.5到2。这种技术将允许使用超低光强度和最小的生物或其他易碎样品的破坏,以合理的不确定性测量样品的光吸收。

英文摘要:

A promising result from optical quantum metrology is the ability to achieve sub-shot-noise performance in transmission or absorption measurements. This is due to the significantly lower uncertainty in light intensity of quantum beams with respect to their classical counterparts. In this work, we simulate the outcome of an experiment that uses a multiplexed single-photon source based on pair generation by continuous spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) followed by a time multiplexing set-up with a binary temporal division strategy, considering several types of experimental losses. With such source, the sub-Poissonian statistics of the output signal is the key for achieving sub-shot-noise performance. We compare the numerical results with two paradigmatic limits: the shot-noise limit (achieved using coherent sources) and the quantum limit (obtained with an ideal photon-number Fock state as the input source). We also investigate conditions in which threshold detectors can be used, and the effect of input light fluctuations on the measurement error. Results show that sub-shot-noise performance can be achieved, even without using number-resolving detectors, with improvement factors that range from 1.5 to 2. This technique would allow measurements of optical absorption of a sample with reasonable uncertainty using ultra-low light intensity and minimum disruption of biological or other fragile specimens.

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