We describe a closed operator functional calculus in Banach modules over the group algebra $L^1(\mathbb R)$ and illustrate its usefulness with a few applications. In particular, we deduce a spectral mapping theorem for operators in the functional calculus, which generalizes some of the known results. We also obtain an estimate for the spectrum of a perturbed differential operator in a certain class.
The wark is a contribution to the functional calculus constructed by of the author and A. A. Atvinovskii of closed operators on Banach spaces. The calculus is based on Markov and related functions as symbols. Estimates of bounded perturbations of operator functions with respect to general operator ideal norms, operator Lipschitzness, moment inequality, Freshet operator differentiability, and Livshitz-Krein trace formulae have been considered.
We give a simple definition of a spectral shift function for pairs of nonpositive operators on Banach spaces and prove trace formulas of Lifshitz-Kre\uın type for a perturbation of an operator monotonic (negative complete Bernstein) function of negative and nonpositive operators on Banach spaces induced by nuclear perturbation of an operator argument. The Lipschitzness of such functions is also investigated. The results may be regarded as a contribution to a perturbation theory for Hirsch functional calculus.
We consider a perturbation determinant for pairs of nonpositive (in a sense of Komatsu) operators on Banach space with nuclear difference and prove a generalization of the important formula for the logarithmic derivative of this determinant. To this end the Frechet differentiability of operator monotonic (negative complete Bernstein) functions of negative and nonpositive operators on Banach spaces is investigated. The results may be regarded as a contribution to the Hirsch functional calculus.
Given any square matrix or a bounded operator $A$ in a Hilbert space such that $p(A)$ is normal (or similar to normal), we construct a Banach algebra, depending on the polynomial $p$, for which a simple functional calculus holds. When the polynomial is of degree $d$, then the algebra deals with continuous $\mathbb C^d$-valued functions, defined on the spectrum of $p(A)$. In particular, the calculus provides a natural approach to deal with nontrivial Jordan blocks and one does not need differentiability at such eigenvalues.
In this article we study bounded operators $T$ on Banach space $X$ which satisfy the discrete Gomilko Shi-Feng condition $$\int_{0}^{2π}|\langle R(re^{it},T)^{2}x,x^*\rangle |dt \leq \frac{C}{(r^2-1)}\norme{x}\norme{x^*},\quad r>1, x\in X, x^* \in X^*. $$ We show that it is equivalent to a certain derivative bounded functional calculus and also to a bounded functional calculus relative to Besov space. Also on Hilbert space discrete Gomilko Shi-Feng condition is equivalent to power-boundedness. Finally we discuss the last equivalence on general Banach space involving the concept of $γ$-boundedn…
The application of generalized inverses is usually neglected in pure mathematical research. However, it is very effective for this paper. We expand the famous matrix rank theorem due to R. Penrose to operators between Banach paces. Therefore a modern perturbation analysis of generalized inverses is built. Hereby, we find and prove a complete rank theorem in advanced calculus. So a complete answer to the rank theorem problem presented by M. S. Berger is given. Applying the co-final set and the perturbation analysis of generalized inverses we prove the Frobenius theorem in Banach space, in the p…
We show that, given a Banach space and a generator of an exponentially stable $C_{0}$-semigroup, a weakly admissible operator $g(A)$ can be defined for any $g$ bounded, analytic function on the left half-plane. This yields an (unbounded) functional calculus. The construction uses a Toeplitz operator and is motivated by system theory. In separable Hilbert spaces, we even get admissibility. Furthermore, it is investigated when a bounded calculus can be guaranteed. For this we introduce the new notion of exact observability by direction. Finally, it is shown that the calculus coincides with one f…
Let $ A$ be a complex unital Banach algebra. An element $a \in A$ is said to be Hermitian, if $ \| \exp (ita) \| =1$ for all $t\in R$. In the case of the algebra of bounded linear operators in a Hilbert space this Hermitian property agrees with the ordinary selfadjointness. If $a \in A$ is Hermitian, then $|a|=||a||$, where $|a|$ denotes the spectral radius of $a$. A function $F: R\to \C$ is called the universal symbol if $ \|| F(a)||= |F(a)|$\ for each $ A$ and all Hermitian $a\in A$. We characterize universal symbols in terms of positive definite functions.
In this note, we show that if a Banach space X has a predual, then every bounded linear operator on X with a continuous functional calculus admits a bounded Borel functional calculus. A consequence of this is that on such a Banach space, the classes of finitely spectral and prespectral operators coincide. We also apply this result to give some sufficient conditions for an operator with an absolutely continuous functional calculus to admit a bounded Borel one.
In this paper, we first prove that the S-spectrum of a bounded right quaternionic linear operator on a two-sided quaternionic Banach space is a union of the spectrum of some bounded linear operators on a complex Banach space. Furthermore, we show that the S-functional calculus is obtained by the Riesz-Dunford functional calculus for complex linear operators. We also give simple proofs of some already existing results.
We develop a theory of Malliavin calculus for Banach space valued random variables. Using radonifying operators instead of symmetric tensor products we extend the Wiener-Ito isometry to Banach spaces. In the white noise case we obtain two sided L^p-estimates for multiple stochastic integrals in arbitrary Banach spaces. It is shown that the Malliavin derivative is bounded on vector-valued Wiener-Ito chaoses. Our main tools are decoupling inequalities for vector-valued random variables. In the opposite direction we use Meyer's inequalities to give a new proof of a decoupling result for Gaussian …
Using notions from the geometry of Banach spaces we introduce square functions $γ(Ω,X)$ for functions with values in an arbitrary Banach space $X$. We show that they have very convenient function space properties comparable to the Bochner norm of $L_2(Ω,H)$ for a Hilbert space $H$. In particular all bounded operators $T$ on $H$ can be extended to $γ(Ω,X)$ for all Banach spaces $X$. Our main applications are characterizations of the $H^{\infty}$--calculus that extend known results for $L_p$--spaces from \cite{CowlingDoustMcIntoshYagi}. With these square function estimates we show, e. g., that a…
We develop a very general operator-valued functional calculus for operators with an $H^{\infty}-$calculus. We then apply this to the joint functional calculus of two commuting sectorial operators when one has an $H^{\infty}$calculus. Using this we prove theorem of Dore-Venni type on sums of commuting sectorial operators and apply our results to the problem of $L_p-$maximal regularity. Our main assumption is the R-boundedness of certain sets of operators, and therefore methods from the geometry of Banach spaces are essential here. In the final section we exploit the special Banach space structu…
In the multicentric calculus one takes a polynomial with simple roots as a new global variable and replaces scalar functions φ by functions f taking values in C^d with d the degree of the polynomial leading to an efficient holomorphic functional calculus for bounded operators. This calculus was extended for non-holomorphic functions, so that if A is not diagonalizable one can find a p such that p(A) is diagonalizable and apply the calculus to all matrices. This was done in [7] by creating a Banach algebra for C^d-valued continuous functions in such a way that the original functions φ appear as…
We introduce and investigate $H^\infty$-functional calculus for commuting finite families of Ritt operators on Banach space $X$. We show that if either $X$ is a Banach lattice or $X$ or $X^*$ has property $(α)$, then a commuting $d$-tuple $(T_1,\ldots, T_d)$ of Ritt operators on $X$ has an $H^\infty$ joint functional calculus if and only if each $T_k$ admits an $H^\infty$ functional calculus. Next for $p\in(1,\infty)$, we characterize commuting $d$-tuple of Ritt operators on $L^p(Ω)$ which admit an $H^\infty$ joint functional calculus, by a joint dilation property. We also obtain a similar cha…
In this paper we study the Malliavin derivatives and Skorohod integrals for processes taking values in an infinite dimensional space. Such results are motivated by their applications to SPDEs and in particular financial mathematics. Vector-valued Malliavin theory in Banach space E is naturally restricted to spaces E which have the so-called UMD property, which arises in harmonic analysis and stochastic integration theory. We provide several new results and tools for the Malliavin derivatives and Skorohod integrals in an infinite dimensional setting. In particular, we prove weak characterizatio…
We show that any bounded analytic semigroup on $L^p$ (with $1<p<\infty$) whose negative generator admits a bounded $H^{\infty}$ functional calculus with respect to some angle $< π/2$ can be dilated into a bounded analytic semigroup $(R_t)_{t\geq 0}$ on a bigger $L^p$-space in such a way that $R_t$ is a positive contraction for any $t$. We also establish a discrete analogue for Ritt operators and consider the case when $L^p$-spaces are replaced by more general Banach spaces. In connection with these functional calculus issues, we study isometric dilations of bounded continuous representations o…
Let $X$ be a Banach space, and $M,N$ be two closed subspaces of $X$. We present several necessary and sufficient conditions for the closedness of $M+N$ ($M+N$ is not necessarily direct sum).
In 1994, M. M. Popov [On integrability in F-spaces, Studia Math. no 3, 205-220] showed that the fundamental theorem of calculus fails, in general, for functions mapping from a compact interval of the real line into the lp-spaces for 0<p<1, and the question arose whether such a significant result might hold in some non-Banach spaces. In this article we completely settle the problem by proving that the fundamental theorem of calculus breaks down in the context of any non-locally convex quasi-Banach space. Our approach introduces the tool of Riemann-integral averages of continuous functions, and …
Let $\cal A$ be a Banach algebra. We study those closed ideals $I$ of $\cal A$ for which the first cohomology group of $\cal A$ with coefficients in $I^*$ is trivial; i.e. $H^1(\cal A,I^*)=\{0\}$. We investigate such closed ideals when $\cal A$ is weakly amenable or biflat. Also we give some hereditary properties of ideal amenability.
We classify the closed ideals of bounded operators acting on the Banach spaces $\left(\bigoplus_{n \in \mathbb{N}} \ell_2^n\right)_{c_0} \oplus c_0(Γ)$ and $\left(\bigoplus_{n \in \mathbb{N}} \ell_2^n\right)_{\ell_1} \oplus \ell_1(Γ)$ for every uncountable cardinal $Γ$.
Let $E$ be a $(\mathrm{IV})$-polyhedral Banach space. We show that, for each $ε>0$, $E$ admits an $ε$-equivalent $\mathrm{(V)}$-polyhedral norm such that the corresponding closed unit ball is the closed convex hull of its extreme points. In particular, we obtain that every separable isomorphically polyhedral Banach space, for each $ε>0$, admits an $ε$-equivalent $(\mathrm{V})$-polyhedral norm such that the corresponding closed unit ball is the closed convex hull of its extreme points.
$H^\infty$ Functional Calculus for a Commuting Pair of $\text{Ritt}_{\text{E}}$ Operators
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram（印度科学教育研究所特里凡得琅分校）；The Institute of Mathematical Sciences（数学科学研究所）；Homi Bhabha National Institute（霍米·巴巴国立研究所）
We formulate general conditions which imply that $L(X,Y)$, the space of operators from a Banach space $X$ to a Banach space $Y$, has $2^{\mathfrak c}$ closed ideals where $\mathfrak c$ is the cardinality of the continuum. These results are applied to classical sequence spaces and Tsirelson type spaces. In particular, we prove that the cardinality of the set of closed ideals in $L(\ell_p\oplus\ell_q)$ is exactly $2^{\mathfrak c}$ for all $1<p<q<\infty$, which in turn gives an alternate proof of the recent result of Johnson and Schechtman that $L(L_p)$ also has $2^{\mathfrak c}$ closed ideals fo…
It is shown that a locally compact group $G$ is amenable if and only if some certain closed ideals of the Figà-Talamanca-Herz algebra $A_{p}(G)$ admit bounded $Δ$-weak approximate identities. Also, similar results are obtained for the function algebras $\mathfrak{L}A(G)$ and $C_{0}^{w}(G)$.
We prove a transference principle for general (i.e., not necessarily bounded) strongly continuous groups on Banach spaces. If the Banach space has the UMD property, the transference principle leads to estimates for the functional calculus of the group generator. In the Hilbert space case, the results cover classical theorems of McIntosh and Boyadzhiev-de Laubenfels; in the UMD case they are analogues of classical results by Hieber and Pruess. By using functional calculus methods, consequences for sectorial operators are derived. For instance it is proved, that every generator of a cosine funct…
In this paper the notion of an abstract square function (estimate) is introduced as an operator X to gamma (H; Y), where X, Y are Banach spaces, H is a Hilbert space, and gamma(H; Y) is the space of gamma-radonifying operators. By the seminal work of Kalton and Weis, this definition is a coherent generalisation of the classical notion of square function appearing in the theory of singular integrals. Given an abstract functional calculus (E, F, Phi) on a Banach space X, where F (O) is an algebra of scalar-valued functions on a set O, we define a square function Phi_gamma(f) for certain H-valued…
Let $\A$ be a semisimple unital commutative Banach algebra. We say that a Banach $\A$-module $M$ is nice if every proper closed submodule of $M$ is contained in a closed submodule of $M$ of codimension 1. We provide examples of nice and non-nice modules.
This paper develops a Tikhonov regularization theory for nonlinear ill-posed operator equations in Banach spaces. As the main challenge, we consider the so-called oversmoothing state in the sense that the Tikhonov penalization is not able to capture the true solution regularity and leads to the infinite penalty value in the solution. We establish a vast extension of the Hilbertian convergence theory through the use of invertible sectorial operators from the holomorphic functional calculus and the prominent theory of interpolation scales in Banach spaces. Applications of the proposed theory inv…
This paper deals with the \emph{Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property} (\emph{BPBp} for short) on bounded closed convex subsets of a Banach space $X$, not just on its closed unit ball $B_X$. We firstly prove that the \emph{BPBp} holds for bounded linear functionals on arbitrary bounded closed convex subsets of a real Banach space. We show that for all finite dimensional Banach spaces $X$ and $Y$ the pair $(X,Y)$ has the \emph{BPBp} on every bounded closed convex subset $D$ of $X$, and also that for a Banach space $Y$ with property $(β)$ the pair $(X,Y)$ has the \emph{BPBp} on every bounded closed ab…
In his study of the Radon Nikodým property of Banach spaces, Bourgain showed (among other things) that in any closed, bounded, convex set $A$ that is nondentable, one can find a separated, weakly closed bush. In this note, we prove a generalization of Bourgain's result: in any bounded, nondentable set $A$ (not necessarily closed or convex) one can find a separated, weakly closed approximate bush. Similarly, we obtain as corollaries the existence of $A$-valued quasimartingales with sharply divergent behavior.
The paper develops the theory of topological radicals of Banach Lie algebras and studies the structure of Banach Lie algebras with sufficiently many Lie subalgebras of finite codimensions -- the intersection of all these subalgebras is zero. It is shown that the intersections of certain families of Lie subalgebras (closed Lie subalgebras of finite codimension, closed Lie ideals of finite codimension, closed maximal Lie subalgebras of finite codimension, closed maximal Lie ideals of finite codimension) correspond to different preradicals, and that these preradicals generate the same radical, th…
Let $X$ and $Z$ be Banach spaces, $A$ a closed subset of $X$ and a mapping $f:A \to Z$. We give necessary and sufficient conditions to obtain a $C^1$ smooth mapping $F:X \to Z$ such that $F_{\mid_A}=f$, when either (i) $X$ and $Z$ are Hilbert spaces and $X$ is separable, or (ii) $X^*$ is separable and $Z$ is an absolute Lipschitz retract, or (iii) $X=L_2$ and $Z=L_p$ with $1<p<2$, or (iv) $X=L_p$ and $Z=L_2$ with $2<p<\infty$.
We construct a new bounded functional calculus for the generators of bounded semigroups on Hilbert spaces and generators of bounded holomorphic semigroups on Banach spaces. The calculus is a natural (and strict) extension of the classical Hille-Phillips functional calculus, and it is compatible with the other well-known functional calculi. It satisfies the standard properties of functional calculi, provides a unified and direct approach to a number of norm-estimates in the literature, and allows improvements of some of them.
We develop a functional calculus for $d$-tuples of non-commuting elements in a Banach algebra. The functions we apply are free analytic functions, that is nc functions that are bounded on certain polynomial polyhedra.
We show that, if $X$ is a closed subspace of a Banach space $E$ and $Z$ is a closed subspace of $E^*$ such that $Z$ is norming for $X$ and $X$ is total over $Z$ (as well as $X$ is norming for $Z$ and $Z$ is total over $X$), then $X$ and the pre-annihilator of $Z$ are complemented in $E$ whenever $Z$ is $w^*$-closed or $X$ is reflexive.
Based on the recently introduced uniform $λ-$adjustment for closed subspaces of Banach spaces we extend the concept of the strictly singular and finitely strictly singular operators to the sequences of closed subspaces and operators in Banach spaces and prove theorems about lower semi--Fredholm stability. We also state some new open questions related to strict singularity and the geometry of Banach spaces.
Let X be a real uniformly convex and uniformly smooth Banach space and C a nonempty closed and convex subset of X. Let Pc from X to C denote the (standard) metric projection operator. In this paper, we define the Gateaux directional differentiability of Pc. We investigate some properties of the Gateaux directional differentiability of Pc. In particular, if C is a closed ball or a closed and convex cone (including proper closed subspaces), then, we give the exact representations of the directional derivatives of Pc. Finally, we define the concept of p-q uniformly convex and uniformly smooth Ban…
Given a Banach space $E$, we ask which closed subspaces may be realised as the kernel of a bounded operator $E \rightarrow E$. We prove some positive results which imply in particular that when $E$ is separable every closed subspace is a kernel. Moreover, we show that there exists a Banach space $E$ which contains a closed subspace that cannot be realized as the kernel of any bounded operator on $E$. This implies that the Banach algebra $\mathcal{B}(E)$ of bounded operators on $E$ fails to be weak*-topologically left Noetherian. The Banach space $E$ that we use is the dual of Wark's non-separa…
We prove that every lattice homomorphism acting on a Banach space $\mathcal{X}$ with the lattice structure given by an unconditional basis has a non-trivial closed invariant subspace. In fact, it has a non-trivial closed invariant ideal, which is no longer true for every positive operator on such a space. Motivated by these later examples, we characterize tridiagonal positive operators without non-trivial closed invariant ideals on $\mathcal{X}$ extending to this context a result of Grivaux on the existence of non-trivial closed invariant subspaces for tridiagonal operators.
Integral properties of multifunctions with closed convex values are studied. In this more general framework not all the tools and the technique used for weakly compact convex valued multifunctions work. We pay particular attention to the "positive multifunctions". Among them an investigation of multifunctions determined by vector-valued functions is presented. Finally, decomposition results are obtained for scalarly and gauge-defined integrals of multifunctions and a full description of McShane integrability in terms of Henstock and Pettis integrability is given.
the main goal of this paper is to prove that any Banach space X, that every dual ball in X** is weak* -separable, or every weak* -closed convex subset in X** is weak* -separable, or every norm-closed convex set in X* is constructible, admits an equivalent Frechet differentiable norm.
On a reflexive Banach space $X$, if an operator $T$ admits a functional calculus for the absolutely continuous functions on its spectrum $σ(T) \subseteq \mathbb{R}$, then this functional calculus can always be extended to include all the functions of bounded variation. This need no longer be true on nonreflexive spaces. In this paper, it is shown that on most classical separable nonreflexive spaces, one can construct an example where such an extension is impossible. Sufficient conditions are also given which ensure that an extension of an $\AC$ functional calculus is possible for operators act…
Haar null sets were introduced by J.P.R. Christensen in 1972 to extend the notion of sets with zero Haar measure to nonlocally compact Polish groups. In 2013, U.B. Darij defined a categorical version of Haar null sets, which he named Haar meagre sets. The present paper aims to show that, whenever $C$ is a closed, convex subset of a separable Banach space, $C$ is Haar null if and only if $C$ is Haar meagre. We then use this fact to improve a theorem of E. Matoušková and to solve a conjecture proposed by Esterle, Matheron and Moreau. Finally, we apply the main theorem to find a characterisation …
A Ritt operator T : X --> X on Banach space is a power bounded operator such that the sequence of all n(T^{n} -T^{n-1}) is bounded. When X=Lp for some 1<p<\infty, we study the validity of square functions estimates Norm{(\sum_k k |T^{k}(x) - T^{k-1}(x)|^2)^{1/2}}_{Lp} \leq K Norm{x}_{Lp} for such operators. We show that T and its adjoint T^* both satisfy such estimates if and only if T admits a bounded functional calculus with respect to a Stolz domain. This is a single operator analog of the famous Cowling-Doust-McIntosh-Yagi characterization of bounded H^\infty-calculus on $Lp$-spaces by the…
We show that a continuous additive positively homogeneous map from a closed not necessarily proper cone in a Banach space onto a Banach space is an open map precisely when it is surjective. This generalization of the usual Open Mapping Theorem for Banach spaces is then combined with Michael's Selection Theorem to yield the existence of a continuous bounded positively homogeneous right inverse of such a surjective map; a strong version of the usual Open Mapping Theorem is then a special case. As another consequence, an improved version of the analogue of Andô's Theorem for an ordered Banach spa…
Free Banach lattices over pre-ordered Banach spaces
Mathematical Institute, Leiden University（莱顿大学数学研究所）；Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Pretoria（比勒陀利亚大学数学与应用数学系）；College of Mathematics, Sichuan University（四川大学数学学院）
