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北美退伍军人节(Veterans Day),12 日无更新
arXiv 2007.14626cs.CLcs.CV
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面向对象和动作的可视化语言导航模型

Object-and-Action Aware Model for Visual Language Navigation

The University of Adelaide(阿德莱德大学);Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai(哈尔滨工业大学(威海));Aipixel Inc.(Aipixel 公司)

Yuankai Qi, Zizheng Pan, Shengping Zhang, Anton van den Hengel, Qi Wu

摘要:

视觉和语言导航(VLN)的独特之处在于,它需要在可视环境的基础上将相对通用的自然语言指令转化为机器人代理动作。这需要从两种截然不同的自然语言信息中提取价值。第一个是对象描述(例如,“桌子”,“门”),每个呈现为代理通过找到环境中可见的项目来确定下一个动作的提示,第二个是动作规范(例如,“直行”、“左转”),这允许机器人直接预测接下来的运动,而不依赖于视觉感知。然而,大多数现有的方法很少注意区分这些信息彼此在指令编码和混合在一起的文本对象/动作编码和视觉感知/候选视点的方向特征之间的匹配。在本文中,我们提出了一个对象和动作感知模型(OAAM),分别处理这两种不同形式的基于自然语言的指令。这使得每个过程能够灵活地将以对象为中心/以动作为中心的指令与其对应的视觉感知/动作取向相匹配。然而,由上述解决方案引起的一个附带问题是,指令中提到的对象可能在两个或更多个候选视点的方向上被观察到,因此0AAM可能不会将最短路径上的视点预测为下一动作。为了解决这个问题,我们设计了一个简单但有效的路径损耗来惩罚偏离地面真实路径的轨迹,实验结果证明了所提出的模型和路径损耗的有效性,以及它们在未知环境中与R2 R数据集上的50%SPL分数和R4 R数据集上的40%CLS分数相结合的优越性,优于以前的最先进技术。

英文摘要:

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) is unique in that it requires turning relatively general natural-language instructions into robot agent actions, on the basis of the visible environment. This requires to extract value from two very different types of natural-language information. The first is object description (e.g., 'table', 'door'), each presenting as a tip for the agent to determine the next action by finding the item visible in the environment, and the second is action specification (e.g., 'go straight', 'turn left') which allows the robot to directly predict the next movements without relying on visual perceptions. However, most existing methods pay few attention to distinguish these information from each other during instruction encoding and mix together the matching between textual object/action encoding and visual perception/orientation features of candidate viewpoints. In this paper, we propose an Object-and-Action Aware Model (OAAM) that processes these two different forms of natural language based instruction separately. This enables each process to match object-centered/action-centered instruction to their own counterpart visual perception/action orientation flexibly. However, one side-issue caused by above solution is that an object mentioned in instructions may be observed in the direction of two or more candidate viewpoints, thus the OAAM may not predict the viewpoint on the shortest path as the next action. To handle this problem, we design a simple but effective path loss to penalize trajectories deviating from the ground truth path. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and path loss, and the superiority of their combination with a 50% SPL score on the R2R dataset and a 40% CLS score on the R4R dataset in unseen environments, outperforming the previous state-of-the-art.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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