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arXiv 2007.13409physics.ao-ph
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Challenger Deep internal wave turbulence事件

Challenger Deep internal wave turbulence events

Hans van Haren

摘要:

海洋生物已被发现在海洋的海沟在伟大的深度下降到近11公里。这种寿命受到超过1000个大气压的大静压的特定环境条件的影响。虽然目前的流动预计将是缓慢的,但水域不可能停滞,因为维持生命所需的新鲜营养物质的交换有限。为了保证充足的养分供应,需要湍流交换的物理过程。然而,这些水域的环境条件阻碍了研究。为了研究潜在的湍流水流运动,一根配备有专门设计的高分辨率温度传感器的绳子被停泊在挑战者深渊(马里亚纳海沟)地球最深处附近近三年。初步分析的六天期间,停泊仍然表明数百米的倾斜对流,由于内波打破从上面。峰值比背景值高出百倍的相关湍流耗散率被认为足以维持深沟寿命。湍流与大约一小时的温度异常的万分之一有关。

英文摘要:

Marine life has been detected in the ocean's trenches at great depths down to nearly 11 km. Such life is subject to particular environmental conditions of large static pressure exceeding 1000 atmosphere. While current flows are expected to be slow, waters cannot be stagnant with limited exchange of fresh nutrients needed to support life. For sufficient nutrient supply, the physics process of turbulent exchange is required. However, the environmental conditions hamper research in such waters. To study potential turbulent water motions, a string equipped with specially designed high-resolution temperature sensors was moored near the deepest point on Earth in the Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench for nearly three years. A preliminary analysis of a six-day period when the mooring was still demonstrates hundreds of meters slanted convection due to internal waves breaking from above. The associated turbulence dissipation rate with peak values hundred times above the background value is considered sufficient to maintain deep-trench life. Turbulence associates with one-ten thousandth of a degree temperature anomalies of about one hour duration.

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