赤道深海海山顶部附近的内波对流与剪切
Internal-wave convection and shear near the top of a deep equatorial seamount
AI总结：
本文通过分析赤道深海海山顶部一周的高分辨率温度观测，发现半日内波破碎引发的湍流混合强度与中纬度浅海山无显著差异，科里奥利力缺失对陡坡上方内波湍流影响不大。
摘要：
近赤道海洋因科里奥利力较弱而经历特殊的动力学。这些动力学的一个模拟效应是海洋内部湍流混合的强烈减弱。未知的影响在于其对陡坡地形上方内波破碎及伴随的湍流混合的作用。本文分析了在深海Ceara Basin海山顶部附近锚定一周的传感器获取的高分辨率温度观测数据。垂直绳缆将传感器布设在距海底0.4至56.4米之间。观测显示，半日周期内波破碎很常见，其潮汐和56米的平均湍流值与在1000米较浅的中纬度Great Meteor Seamount海山顶部附近观测到的值无显著差异，尽管垂直密度层化低了两倍。6天平均湍流值的剖面产生垂直均匀的值，除了在距海底较低的2米内有小幅下降。较低的2米在温度方差谱中显示出与湍流惯性子区的明显偏离。在更高的10米处，谱斜率表明以湍流对流为主，流速和湍流减弱，除非存在主潮涌。在15米以上，剪切主导（分层）湍流。未发现科里奥利力的缺失对陡坡地形上方内波诱导的湍流有重要影响，除了Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性似乎比中纬度地区略显不混乱且卷起更有组织。
英文摘要：
The near-equatorial ocean experiences particular dynamics because the Coriolis force is weak. One modelled effect of these dynamics is strong reduction of turbulent mixing in the ocean interior. Unknowns are effects on internal wave breaking and associated turbulent mixing above steeply sloping topography. In this paper, high-resolution temperature observations are analyzed from sensors that were moored near the top of a deep Ceara Basin seamount for one week. A vertical string held sensors between 0.4 and 56.4 meters above the seafloor. The observations show common semidiurnal-periodic internal wave breaking, with tidal- and 56-m mean turbulence values that are not significantly different from those observed near the top of 1000-m shallower mid-latitude Great Meteor Seamount, despite the twice lower vertical density stratification. Profiles of 6-day mean turbulence values yield vertically uniform values except for a small decrease in the lower 2 m above the seafloor. The lower 2-m show a distinct departure from turbulent inertial subrange in temperature variance spectra. In 10-m higher-up, spectral slopes indicate dominant turbulent convection with reduced flow and turbulence, except when a primary tidal bore is present. Further-up than 15 m, shear dominates (stratified) turbulence. The lack of Coriolis force is not found to be important for internal wave-induced turbulence above steeply sloping topography, except that Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities seem somewhat less chaotic and more organized roll-up than at mid-latitudes.
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