arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2007.10431astro-ph.HE
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中心致密天体脉冲星1 E 1207.4-5209的时间行为

The Timing Behavior of the Central Compact Object Pulsar 1E 1207.4-5209

E. V. Gotthelf, J. P. Halpern

摘要:

我们对超新星遗迹PKS 1209-51/52中的中心致密天体1 E 1207.4-5209进行了20年的计时观测,以跟踪我们在其自旋下降中检测到的意外计时故障。使用1 E 1207.4-5209的新XMM-牛顿和NICER观测,我们现在发现相位星历可以很好地由两个小的毛刺或极端的定时噪声建模。频率毛刺的隐含幅度分别为在历元2010.9和2014.4处的Δ f/f =(9+/-2)E-10和Δ f/f =(3.7+/-0.7)E-10。更新的时序解决方案还排除了我们之前提出的频率导数fdot中的大故障。没有其他具有如此小的自旋下降速率(fdot = -1.2E-16 Hz/s)或表面偶极磁场强度(B_s = 9.8E 10 G)的正则脉冲星被观测到毛刺; 1 E 1207.4-5209的毛刺活动参数大于更高能量的正则脉冲星。不涉及毛刺的替代参数化可以拟合数据,但它们具有定时残差或二阶频率导数fddot,其数量级大于具有类似自旋下降参数的双稳态雷达。1 E 1207.4-5209的这些时间特性进一步激发了中心致密天体的主要理论,即超新星喷出物的回落将正常强度的初始B场埋在中子星地壳中,抑制了表面偶极场。掩埋场的缓慢重新出现可能涉及触发毛刺或过量定时噪声。

英文摘要:

We present 20 years of timing observations for 1E 1207.4-5209, the central compact object in supernova remnant PKS 1209-51/52, to follow up on our detection of an unexpected timing glitch in its spin-down. Using new XMM-Newton and NICER observations of 1E 1207.4-5209, we now find that the phase ephemeris can be well modelled by either two small glitches, or extreme timing noise. The implied magnitudes of the frequency glitches are Delta f/f = (9+\-2)E-10 and Delta f/f = (3.7+/-0.7)E-10, at epochs 2010.9 and 2014.4, respectively. The updated timing solutions also rule out our previous suggestion of a large glitch in the frequency derivative fdot. No other canonical pulsar with such a small spin-down rate (fdot = -1.2E-16 Hz/s) or surface dipole magnetic field strength (B_s = 9.8E10 G) has been observed to glitch; the glitch activity parameter of 1E 1207.4-5209 is larger than that of more energetic pulsars. Alternative parameterizations that do not involve glitches can fit the data, but they have timing residuals or a second frequency derivative fddot that are orders of magnitude larger than in pulsars with similar spin-down parameters. These timing properties of 1E 1207.4-5209 further motivate the leading theory of central compact objects, that an initial B-field of normal strength was buried in the neutron star crust by fallback of supernova ejecta, suppressing the surface dipole field. The slow reemergence of the buried field may be involved in triggering glitches or excess timing noise.

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