乔治·勒梅特和大爆炸宇宙学的基础
Georges Lemaitre and the Foundations of Big Bang Cosmology
摘要：
在上个世纪理论物理学的两次伟大革命（广义相对论和量子力学）之后的令人兴奋的岁月里，乔治·勒梅特对宇宙学的进步做出了卓越的贡献。在本世纪，他的主要出版物的影响已经从很少发展到巨大。大爆炸宇宙在宇宙学中已经统治了60年，在此期间，它已经获得了整个宇宙学历史上最重要事件的范式地位。勒梅特是第一个估计宇宙膨胀率的宇宙学家，后来被称为哈勃常数。2018年，国际天文学联合会将哈勃定律更名为哈勃-勒梅特定律，以表彰他对膨胀宇宙理论的基础性贡献。本传记审查审查：（a）影响他对科学哲学，特别是宇宙学的态度的因素;（b）他与当代宇宙学家网络的接触;（c）他退出宇宙学研究的情况，以及在1930年代初之后进一步推广烟花宇宙。
英文摘要：
Georges Lemaitre was a remarkable contributor to the advancement of cosmology in the heady years following two great revolutions in theoretical physics in the last century: general relativity and quantum mechanics. In the present century, the impact of his key publications has advanced from very little to enormous. The Big Bang universe has reigned supreme in cosmology for sixty years, during which time it has acquired paradigmatic status as the most important event in the entire history of cosmology. Lemaitre was the first cosmologist to estimate the rate of expansion of the universe, later known as the Hubble constant. In 2018 the International Astronomical Union renamed the Hubble law as the Hubble-Lemaitre law in acknowledgement of his foundational contribution to the theory of the expanding universe. This biographical review examines: (a) factors that influenced his approach to the philosophy of science, particularly cosmology; (b) his engagement with the network of contemporary cosmologists; and (c) the circumstances of his withdrawal from research in cosmology and the further promotion of the fireworks universe after the early 1930s.
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