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arXiv 2007.09413gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-th
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非极端黑洞能成为粒子加速器吗？

Can a nonextremal black hole be a particle accelerator?

O. B. Zaslavskii

备注：
19 pages. Typose corrected. Matches published version
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. D 102, 104004 (2020)
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摘要：

我们考虑在非极值黑洞背景下的粒子碰撞。两个粒子从无穷远落下，粒子1是微调的（临界的），碰撞发生在它的转折点。第一个例子是Reissner-Nordström（RN）。如果无穷远处的能量$E_{1}$足够大，转折点就在视界附近。然后，我们推导出一个简单的公式，根据该公式，$E_{c.m.}\sim E_{1}κ^{-1/2}$，其中$κ$是表面重力。因此，如果（i）粒子1是超相对论性的（如果两个粒子都是超相对论性的，这与平坦时空中的碰撞相比不会产生增益），（ii）黑洞是近极值的（小$κ$），那么$E_{c.m.}$的显著增长是可能的。在多次碰撞的情况下，能量$E_{c.m.}$在每个单独的碰撞中是有限的。然而，它可以在随后的碰撞中增长，只要新的近临界粒子足够重。对于中性旋转黑洞，在（i）情况下，转折点仍然远离视界，但大的$E_{c.m.}$仍然是可能的。情况（ii）类似于RN度量中的冲突。我们开发了一个通用的理论方案，直接天体物理应用可以是下一步要研究的。

英文摘要：

We consider particle collisions in the background of a nonextremal black hole. Two particles fall from infinity, particle 1 is fine-tuned (critical), collision occurs in its turning point. The first example is the Reissner-Nordström (RN) one. If the energy at infinity $E_{1}$ is big enough, the turning point is close to the horizon. Then, we derive a simple formula according to which $E_{c.m.}\sim E_{1}κ^{-1/2}$, where $κ$ is a surface gravity. Thus significant growth of $E_{c.m.}$ is possible if (i) particle 1 is ultrarelativistic (if both particles are ultrarelativistic, this gives no gain as compared to collisions in flat space-time), (ii) a black hole is near-extremal (small $κ$). In the scenario of multiple collisions the energy $E_{c.m.}$ is finite in each individual collision. However, it can grow in subsequent collisions, provided new near-critical particles are heavy enough. For neutral rotating black holes, in case (i) a turning point remains far from the horizon but large $E_{c.m.}$ is still possible. Case (ii) is similar to that for collisions in the RN metric. We develop a general theoretical scheme, direct astrophysical applications can be a next step to be studied.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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