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arXiv 2007.07265astro-ph.HE
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关于发射机制,FRB光变曲线的变化告诉我们什么?

What does FRB light-curve variability tell us about the emission mechanism?

Paz Beniamini, Pawan Kumar

摘要:

与脉冲宽度($t_{\rm FRB}\sim1$ ms)相比,一些快射电暴(FRB)的光变曲线在极短的时间尺度($t_{\rm r}\sim 10μ$ s)上表现出其通量的大的内在调制。光变曲线的变化时间尺度,上升时间的流量脉冲持续时间的小比例,以及光谱时间的相关性的数据约束的紧凑性的源和机制负责强大的无线电发射。当辐射产生的距离($\gtrsim 10^{10}$ cm)从紧凑的对象是最强的约束。我们描述了不同的物理设置,可以占所观察到的$t_{\rm r}/t_{\rm FRB}\ll 1$,尽管有大的发射半径。其结果要么是射电产生效率的显著降低,要么是可以在观测数据中搜索到的明显的光变曲线特征。对于同一类模型,我们还表明,由于高纬度的排放,如果一个通量$f_1(ν_1)$观察到在$t_1$,然后在较低的频率$ν_2<ν_1$的流量应至少$(ν_2/ν_1)^2f_1$在稍晚的时间($t_2=t_1ν_1/ν_2$)独立的持续时间和光谱的发射在共动帧。一旦考虑到闪烁引起的光变曲线调制,就可以测试这些特性。我们提供的时间尺度和相干带宽后者的一系列的可能性,关于物理屏幕和闪烁制度。最后,如果未来的高分辨率FRB光变曲线显示出具有延伸到$\sim μ$ s时间尺度的内在变化,这将为磁层模型提供强有力的证据。

英文摘要:

A few fast radio bursts' (FRBs) light-curves have exhibited large intrinsic modulations of their flux on extremely short ($t_{\rm r}\sim 10μ$s) time scales, compared to pulse durations ($t_{\rm FRB}\sim1$ms). Light-curve variability timescales, the small ratio of rise time of the flux to pulse duration, and the spectro-temporal correlations in the data constrain the compactness of the source and the mechanism responsible for the powerful radio emission. The constraints are strongest when radiation is produced far ($\gtrsim 10^{10}$cm) from the compact object. We describe different physical set-ups that can account for the observed $t_{\rm r}/t_{\rm FRB}\ll 1$ despite having large emission radii. The result is either a significant reduction in the radio production efficiency or distinct light-curves features that could be searched for in observed data. For the same class of models, we also show that due to high-latitude emission, if a flux $f_1(ν_1)$ is observed at $t_1$ then at a lower frequency $ν_2<ν_1$ the flux should be at least $(ν_2/ν_1)^2f_1$ at a slightly later time ($t_2=t_1ν_1/ν_2$) independent of the duration and spectrum of the emission in the comoving frame. These features can be tested, once light-curve modulations due to scintillation are accounted for. We provide the timescales and coherence bandwidths of the latter for a range of possibilities regarding the physical screens and the scintillation regime. Finally, if future highly resolved FRB light-curves are shown to have intrinsic variability extending down to $\sim μ$s timescales, this will provide strong evidence in favor of magnetospheric models.

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