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arXiv 2007.06924cond-mat.softphysics.bio-ph
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被动和主动膜管的动力学

Dynamics of passive and active membrane tubes

Sami C. Al-Izzi, Pierre Sens, Matthew S. Turner, Shigeyuki Komura

摘要:

利用Onsager的变分制剂,我们推导出动力学方程的松弛的流体膜管在小变形的限制,允许溶剂粘度的对比度,整个膜和表面张力的变化,由于膜的不可压缩性。我们计算的松弛率,恢复已知的结果在纯轴对称扰动的情况下,并作出新的预测高阶(方位角)$m$模式。我们分析了这些模式的长,短波长的限制,利用各种渐近参数。我们将随机条款,我们的动力学方程适合描述被动热力和非平衡主动力。我们推导出的波动幅度,有效的温度与活跃的波动,和功率谱密度的热和活跃的波动的表达式。我们讨论了一个实验分析,可能使这些波动的测量,以推断有源噪声的属性。最后,我们讨论了我们的研究结果的背景下,更普遍的活性膜,并给出了一些开放的问题在该领域的概述。

英文摘要:

Utilising Onsager's variational formulation, we derive dynamical equations for the relaxation of a fluid membrane tube in the limit of small deformation, allowing for a contrast of solvent viscosity across the membrane and variations in surface tension due to membrane incompressibility. We compute the relaxation rates, recovering known results in the case of purely axis-symmetric perturbations and making new predictions for higher order (azimuthal) $m$-modes. We analyse the long and short wavelength limits of these modes by making use of various asymptotic arguments. We incorporate stochastic terms to our dynamical equations suitable to describe both passive thermal forces and non-equilibrium active forces. We derive expressions for the fluctuation amplitudes, an effective temperature associated with active fluctuations, and the power spectral density for both the thermal and active fluctuations. We discuss an experimental assay that might enable measurement of these fluctuations to infer the properties of the active noise. Finally we discuss our results in the context of active membranes more generally and give an overview of some open questions in the field.

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