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arXiv 2007.06824astro-ph.IM
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ALMA带间相位参考:长基线和高频成像能力

ALMA Band-to-band Phase Referencing: Imaging Capabilities on Long Baselines and High Frequencies

Yoshiharu Asaki, Luke T. Maud, Edward B. Fomalont, William R. F. Dent, Loreto Barcos-Muñoz, Neil M. Phillips, Akihiko Hirota, Satoko Takahashi, Stuartt Corder, … 展开作者

Yoshiharu Asaki, Luke T. Maud, Edward B. Fomalont, William R. F. Dent, Loreto Barcos-Muñoz, Neil M. Phillips, Akihiko Hirota, Satoko Takahashi, Stuartt Corder, John M. Carpenter, Eric Villard

摘要:

利用阿塔卡马大型毫米/亚毫米波天线阵组织了高频长基线实验,以测试使用长达16公里基线的亚毫米波体制的高角分辨率成像能力。进行了四次实验,两次波段7(289 GHz)和两次波段8(405 GHz)观测。使用频带到频带(B2B)相位参考的相位校正与相位校准器一起使用,分别在频带3(96 GHz)和频带4(135 GHz)中观察到的相位校准器仅为0.7度。在Band 8中,我们实现了14 x11 mas的最高分辨率。我们比较了目标类星体的合成图像,使用20和60秒的开关周期时间在相位参考。在波段7中,大气在相位均方根方面具有良好的稳定性(在2分钟内<0.5 rad),并且在20和60 s切换周期时间之间的图像相干性几乎没有差异。在更差的相位rms条件下(2分钟内>1 rad)进行了一个频带8实验,这导致在使用60 s开关周期时间时相干性显著降低。四个实验中的一个实验表明,在289 GHz下,使用20 s的开关周期时间,相位参考后的残余相位均方根误差可以减小到0.16 rad。这样的条件将满足在频带10中>70%的图像相干性的相位校正要求,假设类似的相位校准器分离角,强调需要在高频下进行这样的B2B相位参考观测。

英文摘要:

High-frequency long-baseline experiments with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array were organized to test the high angular resolution imaging capabilities in the submillimeter wave regime using baselines up to 16 km. Four experiments were conducted, two Band 7 (289 GHz) and two Band 8 (405 GHz) observations. Phase correction using band-to-band (B2B) phase referencing was used with a phase calibrator only 0.7deg away observed in Band 3 (96 GHz) and Band 4 (135 GHz), respectively. In Band 8, we achieved the highest resolution of 14x11 mas. We compared the synthesis images of the target quasar using 20 and 60 s switching cycle times in the phase referencing. In Band 7, the atmosphere had good stability in phase rms (<0.5 rad over 2 minutes), and there was little difference in image coherence between the 20 and 60 s switching cycle times. One Band 8 experiment was conducted under a worse phase rms condition (>1 rad over 2 minutes), which led to a significantly reduced coherence when using the 60 s switching cycle time. One of our four experiments indicates that the residual phase rms error after phase referencing can be reduced to 0.16 rad at 289 GHz in using the 20 s switching cycle time. Such conditions would meet the phase correction requirement of image coherence of >70% in Band 10, assuming a similar phase calibrator separation angle, emphasizing the need for such B2B phase referencing observing at high frequencies.

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