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arXiv 2007.06797nucl-th
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旋转核中的核子定域函数

Nucleon localization function in rotating nuclei

Tong Li, Mengzhi Chen, Chunli Zhang, Witold Nazarewicz, Markus Kortelainen

备注：
14 pages, 20 figures
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. C 102, 044305 (2020)
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摘要：

背景：电子定域函数最初被引入来可视化分子中的键结构。它成为描述原子、分子和固体中电子构型的有用工具。在核物理中，核子定域函数（NLF）已被用来描述轻核中的团簇、中子星内壳中裂变阶段的碎片形成和团簇形成。目的：利用NLF研究快旋转的核反应。方法：将NLF推广到核旋转的情形。扩展的表达式包括时间偶和时间奇的局部密度。由于电流密度和密度梯度有助于NLF主要在表面，我们提出了一个更简单的空间测量动能密度。用曲柄Skyrme-Hartree-Fock方法计算了$^{152}$ Dy的超形变带。我们还采用了曲柄谐振子模型，以获得洞察模式揭示的NLF在高角动量。结果如下：在变形旋转核中，可以引入几个NLF，这取决于自旋量子化轴的定义和系统的自洽对称性。NLF的振荡模式可以用动能和粒子密度之间的相长干涉来解释。在NLF中看到的沿着旋转核的主轴的节图案来自具有大的对齐角动量的单粒子轨道。NLF沿短轴的变化可以追溯到变形对齐的轨道。结论：的NLF允许一个简单的解释壳结构的演化在旋转的核在角动量排列的单个核子。我们希望NLF将是有用的其他集体模式和时间依赖过程的特征。

英文摘要：

Background: An electron localization function was originally introduced to visualize bond structures in molecules. It became a useful tool to describe electron configurations in atoms, molecules and solids. In nuclear physics, a nucleon localization function (NLF) has been used to characterize clusters in light nuclei, fragment formation in fission and pasta phases in the inner crust of neutron stars. Purpose: We use the NLF to study the nuclear response to fast rotation. Methods: We generalize the NLF to the case of nuclear rotation. The extended expressions involve both time-even and time-odd local densities. Since current density and density gradient contribute to the NLF primarily at the surface, we propose a simpler spatial measure given by the kinetic-energy density. Illustrative calculations for the superdeformed yrast band of $^{152}$Dy were carried out by using the cranked Skyrme-Hartree-Fock method. We also employed the cranked harmonic-oscillator model to gain insights into patterns revealed by the NLF at high angular momentum. Results: In a deformed rotating nucleus, several NLFs can be introduced, depending on the definition of the spin-quantization axis and self-consistent symmetries of the system. The oscillating pattern of the NLF can be explained by a constructive interference between the kinetic-energy and particle densities. The nodal pattern seen in the NLF along the major axis of a rotating nucleus comes from single-particle orbits with large aligned angular momentum. The variation of the NLF along the minor axis is traced back to deformation-aligned orbits. Conclusions: The NLF allows a simple interpretation of the shell structure evolution in the rotating nucleus in terms of the angular-momentum alignment of individual nucleons. We expect that the NLF will be useful for the characterization of other collective modes and time-dependent processes.

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