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arXiv 2007.04716astro-ph.HEgr-qcnucl-th
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核塌缩超新星一级量子色动力学相变的引力波特征

Gravitational-wave Signature of a First-order Quantum Chromodynamics Phase Transition in Core-Collapse Supernovae

Shuai Zha, Evan P. O'Connor, Ming-chung Chu, Lap-Ming Lin, Sean M. Couch

摘要:

核塌缩超新星(CCSN)产生的原致密星(PCS)可能发生一级量子色动力学(QCD)相变(PT)。在这项工作中,我们研究的后果,这样的PT在非旋转CCSN轴对称流体动力学模拟。我们发现,PT导致的PCS的崩溃,并在一个响亮的爆发的引力波(GW)的结果。该GW突发的幅度比通常针对非旋转CCSN发现的反弹后GW信号大$\sim30$倍。它在频谱中的高频($\sim2500-4000$ Hz)处显示宽峰,具有$\lesssim5 {\rm ms}$的持续时间,并且携带比其他发作多$\sim3$数量级的能量。此外,PCS振荡的峰值频率急剧增加后PT诱导崩溃。除了第二次中微子爆发之外,如果被地面GW探测器探测到,GW信号是CCSNe内部一阶QCD PT的决定性证据,并提供有关PCS结构和动力学的关键信息。

英文摘要:

A first-order quantum chromodynamics (QCD) phase transition (PT) may take place in the protocompact star (PCS) produced by a core-collapse supernova (CCSN). In this work, we study the consequences of such a PT in a non-rotating CCSN with axisymmetric hydrodynamic simulations. We find that the PT leads to the collapse of the PCS and results in a loud burst of gravitational waves (GWs). The amplitude of this GW burst is $\sim30$ times larger than the post-bounce GW signal normally found for non-rotating CCSN. It shows a broad peak at high frequencies ($\sim2500-4000$ Hz) in the spectrum, has a duration of $\lesssim5 {\rm ms}$, and carries $\sim3$ orders of magnitude more energy than the other episodes. Also, the peak frequency of the PCS oscillation increases dramatically after the PT-induced collapse. In addition to a second neutrino burst, the GW signal, if detected by the ground-based GW detectors, is decisive evidence of the first-order QCD PT inside CCSNe and provides key information about the structure and dynamics of the PCS.

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